完形填空
Trust is a tricky business. On the one hand, it' s a necessary condition【C1】______many worthwhile things: child care, friendships, etc. On the other hand, putting your【C2】______in the wrong place often carries a high【C3】______. 【C4】______, why do we trust at all? Well, because it feels good. 【C5】______people place their trust in an individual or an institution, their brains release oxytocin, a hormone that【C6】______pleasurable feelings and triggers the herding instinct that prompts humans to【C7】______with one another. Scientists have found that exposure【C8】______this hormone puts us in a trusting【C9】______: In a Swiss study, researchers sprayed oxytocin into the noses of half the subjects; those subjects were ready to lend significantly higher amounts of money to strangers than were their【C10】______who inhaled something else. 【C11】______for us, we also have a sixth sense for dishonesty that may【C12】______us. A Canadian study found that children as young as 14 months can differentiate【C13】______a credible person and a dishonest one. Sixty toddlers were each【C14】______to an adult tester holding a plastic container. The tester would ask, "what's in here?" before looking into the container, smiling, and exclaiming, "Wow!" Each subject was then invited to look【C15】______. Half of them found a toy, the other half【C16】______the container was empty and realized the tester had【C17】______them. Among the children who had not been tricked, the majority were【C18】______to cooperate with the tester in learning a new skill, demonstrating that they trusted his leadership. 【C19】______, only five of the 30 children paired with the "【C20】______" tester participated in a follow-up activity.
单选题1.【C1】
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】考查介词辨析。本句句意为“一方面,______许多重要的事情来说是一个必要条件”。be necessary for sth.表示“对于某事来说是必要的”。其余三个介词都不可以与necessary连用。
【答案解析】考查名词辨析。本句句意为“另一方面,在错误的地方施以信任往往会付出高昂的______”。根据上文的语义可知,此处需要填含有贬义色彩的词,carry a high price表示“付出高昂的代价”符合题意。debt“债务”含义过于具体,应排除。benefit“利益”和hope“希望”均不符合题意。
【答案解析】考查动词辨析。本句句意为“并意识到测试员______了他们”。根据下文Among the children who had not been tricked“在所有没有被戏弄过的孩子里面”可知,fooled“愚弄”符合题意。betrayed“背叛”,wronged“冤枉”,mocked“嘲笑”均不符合题意。
单选题18.【C18】
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】考查形容词辨析。本句句意为“在所有没有被戏弄过的孩子里面,大多数的孩子在习得一种新技能的时候都______与测试员合作”。通过下文demonstrating that they trusted his leadership“表明这些孩子信任他的领导”可知,be willing to“愿意做”符合题意。be forced to“被迫做”,be hesitant to“犹豫做”,be entitled to“有……的资格”,均不符合题意。
单选题19.【C19】
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】考查逻辑关系。本句句意为“______,在30个与______测试员合作的孩子中,只有5个参加了后续活动”。通过下文only five of the 30 children“只有六分之一的孩子”与the majority“大多数”可知,此处显然是一种对比,In contrast“相反地”符合题意。As a result“结果是”,On the whole“大体上”,For instance“例如”均不符合题意。