问答题
如图5-4所示为单高纯氮精馏塔,进塔空气量M=1m3/(m3加工空气),液体空气量R=0.70588m3/(m3加工空气),氮气产量A=0.266129m3/(m3加工空气量),塔顶压力pD=871.18kPa,塔釜压力pB=889.41kPa,全塔冷损Q=2.512kJ/h,空气组成为x1=0.2095,x2=0.0093,x3=0.7812,理论平衡级数为29(注:单位m3系指在20℃和0.1MPa下的体积)试用三对角矩阵法计算精馏工况。
【正确答案】按空气精馏塔计算步骤,初值的选择和计算结果列于表5-3、表5-4。
表5-3 单高纯氮塔计算结果(初值选取) 序号 | 温度/K | 压力/kPa | V(m3/m3加工空气) | 序号 | 温度/K | 压力/kPa | V(m3/m3加工空气) | 1 | 101.13994 | 843.4 | 0.266129 | 16 | 101.7849 | 853.49 | 1.01961 | 2 | 101.6102 | 844.03 | 1.03285 | 17 | 101.8083 | 854.12 | 1.01954 | 3 | 101.6210 | 844.67 | 1.01868 | 18 | 101.3882 | 854.75 | 1.0139 | 4 | 101.6316 | 845.92 | 1.01878 | 19 | 101.8777 | 855.38 | 1.01911 | 5 | 101.6425 | 846.55 | 1.01887 | 20 | 101.9322 | 856.01 | 1.01863 | 6 | 101.6532 | 847.19 | 1.01897 | 21 | 101.0092 | 856.64 | 1.01787 | 7 | 101.6642 | 847.82 | 1.01906 | 22 | 102.1197 | 857.27 | 1.01668 | 8 | 101.6752 | 848.44 | 1.01915 | 23 | 102.2794 | 857.91 | 1.01484 | 9 | 101.6865 | 849.08 | 1.01924 | 24 | 102.5097 | 858.53 | 1.01208 | 10 | 101.6980 | 849.71 | 1.01933 | 25 | 102.8369 | 859.16 | 1.01804 | 11 | 101.7096 | 850.34 | 1.01941 | 26 | 103.2897 | 859.79 | 1.00231 | 12 | 101.722 | 850.96 | 1.01948 | 27 | 103.8912 | | 0.994563 | 13 | 101.7352 | 851.60 | 1.01955 | 28 | 101.6448 | 860.43 | 0.984668 | 14 | 101.7496 | 852.23 | 1.01960 | 29 | 105.5213 | 861.05 | 0.972955 | 15 | 101.7658 | 852.86 | 1.01962 | | | | | |
表5-4 单高纯氮塔计算结果 序号 | x1 | x2 | x3 | y1 | y2 | y3 | 1 | 0.1288×10-5 | 0.8071×10-5 | 0.999991 | 0.5812×10-5 | 0.4391×10-5 | 0.999999 | 2 | 0.2450×10-5 | 0.1313×10-4 | 0.999984 | 0.1112×10-5 | 0.7148×10-5 | 0.999983 | 3 | 0.1240×10-5 | 0.1963×10-4 | 0.999976 | 0.1924×10-5 | 0.1069×10-4 | 0.999982 | 4 | 0.7024×10-5 | 0.2807×10-4 | 0.999965 | 0.3187×10-5 | 0.1528×10-4 | 0.999965 | 5 | 0.1137×10-5 | 0.3907×10-4 | 0.999950 | 0.5159×10-5 | 0.2127×10-4 | 0.999951 | 6 | 0.1812×10-4 | 0.5342×10-4 | 0.999928 | 0.8240×10-5 | 0.2929×10-4 | 0.999931 | 7 | 0.2877×10-4 | 0.7216×10-4 | 0.999899 | 0.1306×10-4 | 0.3930×10-4 | 0.999904 | 8 | 0.4539×10-4 | 0.9664×10-4 | 0.999858 | 0.2061×10-4 | 0.5263×10-4 | 0.999858 | 9 | 0.7138×10-4 | 0.1286×10-3 | 0.99980 | 0.3242×10-4 | 0.7005×10-4 | 0.999904 | 10 | 0.1121×10-3 | 0.1703×10-3 | 0.999717 | 0.5091×10-4 | 0.9280×10-4 | 0.999865 | 11 | 0.1758×10-3 | 0.2248×10-3 | 0.999599 | 0.7985×10-4 | 0.1225×10-3 | 0.999798 | 12 | 0.2754×10-3 | 0.2960×10-3 | 0.999429 | 0.1252×10-3 | 0.1613×10-3 | 0.999715 | 13 | 0.4313×10-3 | 0.3887×10-3 | 0.999180 | 0.1961×10-3 | 0.2779×10-3 | 0.999593 | 14 | 0.6751×10-3 | 0.5097×10-3 | 0.998815 | 0.3070×10-3 | 0.2779×10-3 | 0.999417 | 15 | 0.1056×10-2 | 0.6672×10-3 | 0.998277 | 0.4804×10-3 | 0.3640×10-3 | 0.999157 | 16 | 0.1651×10-2 | 0.8723×10-3 | 0.997476 | 0.7515×10-3 | 0.4761×10-3 | 0.998776 | 17 | 0.2580×10-2 | 0.1139×10-2 | 0.996282 | 0.1175×10-2 | 0.6220×10-3 | 0.998208 | 18 | 0.4026×10-2 | 0.1484×10-2 | 0.994490 | 0.1835×10-2 | 0.8116×10-3 | 0.997361 | 19 | 0.6273×10-2 | 0.1930×10-2 | 0.991796 | 0.2864×10-2 | 0.1057×10-2 | 0.996080 | 20 | 0.9754×10-2 | 0.2503×10-2 | 0.987743 | 0.4462×10-2 | 0.1374×10-2 | 0.994166 | 21 | 0.1511×10-1 | 0.3233×10-2 | 0.981651 | 0.6935×10-2 | 0.1781×10-2 | 0.991285 | 22 | 0.2331×10-1 | 0.4151×10-2 | 0.972535 | 0.1074×10-1 | 0.2299×10-2 | 0.986962 | 23 | 0.3570×10-1 | 0.5282×10-2 | 0.959017 | 0.1655×10-1 | 0.2949×10-2 | 0.980500 | 24 | 0.5410×10-1 | 0.6635×10-2 | 0.939268 | 0.2532×10-1 | 0.3747×10-2 | 0.970937 | 25 | 0.8072×10-1 | 0.8180×10-2 | 0.911089 | 0.3830×10-1 | 0.4698×10-2 | 0.95070 | 26 | 0.117868 | 0.9821×10-2 | 0.872311 | 0.5700×10-1 | 0.5777×10-2 | 0.937221 | 27 | 0.167088 | 0.1137×10-1 | 0.821538 | 0.8295×10-1 | 0.6911×10-2 | 0.910145 | 28 | 0.227968 | 0.1258×10-1 | 0.759449 | 0.117066 | 0.7969×10-2 | 0.875965 | 29 | 0.297076 | 0.1319×10-1 | 0.689739 | 0.158883 | 0.8770×10-2 | 0.832345 | |
【答案解析】