单选题   Prices determine how resources are to be used. They are also the means by which products and services that are in limited supply are rationed among buyers. The price system of the United States is a complex network composed of the prices of all the products bought and sold in the economy as well as those of a myriad of services, including labor, professional, transportation, and public-utility services. The interrelationships of all these prices make up the 'system' of prices. The price of any particular product or service is linked to a broad, complicated system of prices in which everything seems to depend more or less upon everything else.
    If one were to ask a group of randomly selected individuals to define 'price', many would reply that price is an amount of money paid by the buyer to the seller of a product or service or, in other words, that price is the money value of a product or service as agreed upon in a market transaction. This definition is, of course, valid as far as it goes. For a complete understanding of a price in any particular transaction, much more than the amount of money involved must be known. Both the buyer and the seller should be familiar with not only the money amount, but with the amount and quality of the product or service to be exchanged, the time and place at which the exchange will take place and payment will be made, the form of money to be used, the credit terms and discounts that apply to the transaction, guarantees on the product or service, delivery terms, return privileges, and other factors. In other words, both buyer and seller should be fully aware of all the factors that comprise the total 'package' being exchanged for the asked-for amount of money in order that they may evaluate a given price.
单选题     The author use the example of American price system to illustrate that ______.
 
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】细节题。文章第一段首先说了,价格不仅仅决定了资源如何被使用,还是产品与服务在买主中得到配给的方式。接着用美国的价格体系举例来说明问题,故此题答案为D。
单选题     What is the passage mainly about?
 
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】主旨题。文章主要介绍了什么是价格,价格包括哪些方面,并提出买主和卖主都要认清价格所包含的所有方面,以便更好地估算出价,故该篇文章主要是说明什么是价格的,故答案为B。
单选题     According to the passage, the price system is related primarily to ______.
 
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】细节题。根据文章第一段They are also the means by which products and services that are in limited supply are rationed among buyers. 价格主要与产品和服务相关,故答案为C。
单选题     What is NOT a factor consisting of price?
 
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】细节题。根据文章第二段倒数第二句可知A、B、C三项均包括,文章提到guarantees on the product or service而非guarantees on safety,故此题答案为D。
单选题     In the last sentence of the passage, the word 'they' refers to ______.
 
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】细节题。由题干定位到in order that they may evaluate a given price,联系整句话意思可知,只有熟知了产品价格所有的组成部分,买主和卖主才能估算出价,故此题答案为C。