【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[解析]
An index is a statistical composite representing the value of all stocks in a certain market segment. It's presented as one simple number so investors can track trends in that segment. The broader the index, the more representative it is of the entire stock market. The Dow Jones Industrial is an average of 30 of the most widely held stocks. The S&P 500 Index combines the prices of 500 widely held stocks chosen by Standard and Poor's. The Russell 2000 includes 2000 small-company stocks; the Wilshire 5000 includes both small-and large-company stocks and is weighted to represent all U.S.-headquartered securities.
[分析] 特定信息的找寻和判断。
根据题干中提到的特定信息找寻原文，发现“The Russell 2000 includes 2000 small-company stocks”，由此可见，选项B的说法符合题意，是正确答案。
[解题关键] 找寻特定信息要迅速排除干扰项。本题中各种专有名词和数字的信息量颇大，需要迅速排除这些信息的干扰，才能快速准确地找到正确答案。

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[解析]
The new nepotism operates not from the top down but from the bottom up: it is voluntary, not coercive; it springs from the initiative of children, not the interest of the parents; it tends to seem "natural" rather than planned. Although no nepotism in the classic sense, it is rightly nepotism because it involves exploiting the family name, connections, or wealth. The method may be different, but the result is much the same.
[分析] 语义的推理判断。
原文表面上没有提到old nepotism(旧式裙带关系)，但根据文中关于new nepotism的说法可以推断出答案。根据原文第一句“The new nepotism operates not from the top down but from the bottom up”，可推测出旧式的裙带关系强调the top down(自上而下)，显然这里的“上”指“父母”，“下”指“子女”；此外从第一句后部的not和rather than结构可推测，其中的内容直指old nepotism的特点，即：coercive(强迫的)；the interest of the parents (父母的利益)；planned(有计划的)；由第二句话可推测两种nepotism都“involve exploiting the family name, connections, or wealth”即“利用家族的声望、关系或财富(使孩子受益)”，从上述推测中可知，选项A的说法“父母最大限度地利用家庭优势，使孩子受益”符合题意，是正确答案。
[解题关键] 1) 掌握根据反义词推断语义的方法，如根据原文中种种new nepotism的说法推断出old nepotism；2) 掌握同义词替换，如原文中exploiting与选项maximize近义。

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[解析]
Two years' ago, in the Qatari capital, trade ministers agreed to begin global trade negotiations driven by what is known as the Doha Development Agenda, which put the question of development at its core. It is widely acknowledged today that trade is a vitally important element in any program for development, as it can deliver benefits to developing countries worth many times more than all the development aid they receive.
[分析] 事实细节的识别和判断。
原文主要谈论在Qatari首都部长会议达成的共识，即：发展中国家在发展过程中，从贸易中得到的利益远比从援助中得到的利益多。但文中并没有提及将要举行高峰会议讨论国际贸易问题，因此选项B的说法与原文不符，因此是正确答案。
[解题关键] 掌握主题及支持性细节是本题关键。本文主题是贸易发展，支持性细节包括贸易发展共识的介绍及其背景。而选项B的内容不包括在其中。

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】[解析]
Meditation is being recommended by more and more physicians as a way to prevent, slow or at least control the pain of chronic diseases like heart conditions, AIDS, cancer, and infertility. It is also being used to restore balance in the face of such psychiatric disturbances as depression, hyperactivity, and attention-deficit disorder (ADD). In a confluence of Eastern mysticism and western science, doctors are embracing meditation not because they think it's hip or cool but because scientific studies are beginning to show that it works, particularly for stress-related conditions.
[分析] 事实细节的找寻和判断。
根据题干要求在原文中找寻关于meditation的说法，原文第一句中“to prevent, slow or at least control the pain of…cancer”可与选项A的说法对应；原文“to restore balance in the face of such psychiatric disturbances as depression…”可与选项 B的说法对应；原文“In a confluence of Eastern mysticism…”可与选项C的说法对应；只有选项D的说法在原文中找不到对应，因此该选项是正确答案。
[解题关键] 1) 找到类属于主题的关键词有助于迅速排除选项，如可将文中有关的关键词cancer，depression和mysticism一一与选项对照；2) 同义词替换，可帮助判断选项的说法是否正确，如原文中control the pain与选项中relieve同义；restore balance与counteract同义。

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[解析]
It's a trick that time and memory play on us: Comedy—like glamour or courage, is never what it used to be. The present may sometimes make us laugh the hardest, but we like to tell ourselves that the past makes us laugh the best. Today's emphasis on physical comedy is perhaps a natural reaction to the more cerebral comedy of the past two decades.
[分析] 对比表达的识别和判断。
原文将喜剧的过去和现在加以对比，听者可发现“The present…laugh the hardest, the past…laugh the best. Today…physical comedy, cerebral comedy of the past"。由此可判断，人们对喜剧的看法是有变化，而非一成不变的。因此，选项B的说法符合题意，是正确答案。
[解题关键] 掌握表示对立概念的表达结构和词语有助于迅速解题。如本文中使用的the present和the past；today和the past。