单选题
Baekeland and Hartmann report that the "short
sleepers" had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were
in their teens. But at about age 15 or so, the men voluntarily began cutting
down their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school, work, and other
activities. These men tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousness as
bothersome interruptions in their daily routines. In general,
these "short sleeps" appeared ambitious, active, energetic, cheerful, conformist
(不动摇) in their opinions, and very sure about their career choices. They
often held several jobs at once, or workers full or part-time while going to
school. And many of them had a strong urge to appear "normal" or "acceptable" to
their friends and associates. When asked to recall their
dreams, the "short sleepers" did poorly. More than this, they seemed to prefer
not remembering. In similar fashion, their usual way of dealing with
psychological problems was to deny that the problem existed, and then to keep
busy in the hope that the trouble would go away. The sleep
patterns of the "short sleepers" were similar to, but less extreme than, sleep
patterns shown by many mental patients categorized as manic(疯人).
The "long sleepers" were quite different indeed. Baekeland and Hartmann
report that these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood. They seemed
to enjoy their sleep, protected it, and were quite concerned when they were
occasionally deprived of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest. They tended
to recall their dreams much better than did the "short sleepers. "
Many of the "long sleepers" were shy, anxious, introverted (内向),
inhibited (压抑), passive, mildly depressed, and unsure of themselves
(particularly in social situations). Several openly states that sleep was an
escape from their daily problems.
单选题
According to the report, ______.
A. many short sleepers need less sleep by nature
B. many short sleepers are obliged to reduce their nightly sleep time
because they are busy with their work
C. long sleepers sleep a longer period of time during the day
D. many long sleepers preserve their sleeping habit formed during their
childhood
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】[解析] 文章倒数第二段提到“these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood”，“睡眠长的人”童年就已经养成这种习惯，并一直保留到他们成人，所以答案是D。
单选题
Many "short sleepers" are likely to hold the view that ______.
A. sleep is a withdrawal from the reality
B. sleep interferes with their sound judgment
C. sleep is the least expensive item on their routine program
D. sleep is the best way to deal with psychological troubles
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】[解析] 第一段最后提到“睡眠短的人”，“…view…．as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines”，晚上睡眠的时间是对他们日常工作的干扰。
单选题
It is stated in the third paragraph that short sleepers ______.
A. are ideally vigorous even under the pressures of life
B. often neglect the consequences of inadequate sleep