问答题Directions:Read the following text carefully and then
translate the underlined segments into Chinese.
Education of exceptional children means provision of special educational
services to those children who are either handicapped or gifted. {{U}}
{{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}Exceptional children differ from average
children in mental characteristics, sensory abilities, physical characteristics,
emotional behavior, or communication abilities to the extent that they require
special educational services to develop to their potential{{/U}}. The Department
of Education estimates that 10 to 20 percent of the children in the United
States suffer from handicaps while another 2 to 3 percent are considered gifted.
Special education provides these children with individualized learning
experiences suitable to their unique abilities. Caring for
people who have disabilities is relatively a new idea. In ancient times,
disabled people were left to die. During the Middle Ages they were treated more
humanely, but still it was not thought that they could learn. {{U}}
{{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}In the 19th century, residential treatment
centers were established, first in Europe and then in the U.S. by individual
states, to care for people who were blind, deaf, severely retarded, or suffered
from severe emotional disorders.{{/U}} By the 20th century, special classes and
public day schools were begun, but these facilities provided service for very
few children. {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}After World War II
the attitude of Americans concerning the education of per sons who were disabled
changed significantly.{{/U}} Responsibility for special education was assumed by
state legislatures and the federal government. Parent groups formed to lobby for
the rights of children with disabilities, joined with professional educational
programs. {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}In 1925
the U.S. congress passed the Education for All Handicapped Children Act which
guarantees a free and appropriate education to all children in the U.S. between
the ages of 3 and 21.{{/U}} The law provides funds for special education programs
to states and local districts that comply with a set of guidelines. These
include provision of special education services in the last restrictive
environment, an individualized educational plan for each child, a comprehensive
diagnosis of each child's disabilities by qualified professionals, an annual
review of each child's progress, and the involvement of parents in educational
decisions. {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}Amendments to the law
require that the local school districts actively search for and offer services
to disabled children between ages three and five.{{/U}} Although
the education of students with special gifts and talents is still largely
ignored, more programs ale now available to meet their needs. Some 23 states
mandate special services for these students. Talents may be in academic,
artistic, creative, or leadership abilities.
【答案解析】[解析] 本句为含有定语从句的复合句。句子主干为：“...residential treatment centers were established to...”。“who”引导定语从句修饰先行词“people”。
【正确答案】二战后，美国人对残疾人教育问题的态度发生了很大的转变。
【答案解析】[解析] 本句的谓语是“changed”，相应的主语是“the attitude of Americans”，本句没有宾语。句中，“concerning...”是现在分词短语充当全句主语的修饰语，而“who were disabled”则是“concerning...”分词短语内部的修饰“persons”的定语从句。
【答案解析】[解析] 本句为含有定语从句的复合句。句子主干为：“...the U.S. congress passed the Education for All Handicapped Children Act...”。“which”引导定语从句修饰“the Education for All Handicapped Children Act”，介词短语“in the U.S. between the ages of 3 and 21”作定语修饰“all children”。
【正确答案】法律修正案要求学校所在行政区要积极为三至五岁的残疾儿童寻求并提供服务。
【答案解析】[解析] 本句的谓语是“require”，主语是“Amendments to the law”。“that...”引导的从句充当“require”的宾语。宾语从句中包含一个指向同一主语“the local school districts”的并列谓语“search for...”和“offer services to...”。