单选题
With 950 million people, India ranks second to China among the most populous countries. But since China (1) a family planning program in 1971, India has been dosing the (2) . Indians have reduced their birth rate but not nearly (3) the Chinese have. If current growth rates continue, India's population will (4) China's around the year 2028 (5) about 1.7 billion. Should that happen, it won't be the (6) of the enlightened women of Kerala, a state in southern India. (7) India as a whole adds almost 20 million people a year, Kerala's population is virtually (8) . The reason is no mystery: nearly two-thirds of Kerala women practice birth control, (9) about 40% in the entire nation. The difference (10) the emphasis put on health programs (11) birth control, by the state authorities, (12) in 1957 became India's first elected Communist (13) . And an educational tradition and matrilineal customs in parts of Kerala help girls and boys get (14) good schooling. While one in three Indian women is (15) , 90% of those in Kerala can read and write. Higher literacy rates (16) family planning. "Unlike our parents, we know that we can do more for our children if we have (17) of them," says Laila Cherian, 33, who lives in the village of Kudamaloor. She has limited herself (18) three children-one below the national (19) of four. That kind of restraint will keep Kerala from putting added (20) on world food supplies.
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】语义衔接题。空格处所填词与program相搭配,四个选项中与program语义场共现的只有launch“发动,开始”,launch a family planning program意为“实行计划生育计划”。其余选项中[A]discover意为“发现,发觉(某样东西)”,[B]circulated,意为“流通,循环”,语义与搭配均与原句不符;[D]transmit,意为“传播,传输”,一般与heat,light,information等搭配。
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】语义衔接题。本题的答题线索可以首先确定为close,四个选项中能与close语义场共现即形成搭配关系的只有gap“差距,差异”。此外,从前后文的意思推测,本句要表达的是“自中国于1971年实行计划生育计划以来,印度正缩小与中国的差距”,close gap恰为“缩小差距”之意,故选[A]。其他选项[B]top“顶端,顶点”,用法为“climb to the top”或“reach the top”;[C]bit“一点,少许”;[D]bet“打赌”语义与搭配均不符。
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】结构衔接题。注意本句中的转折连词but,前半句的意思是“印度已经降低了人口出生率”,后半句和前面构成转折关系,意思是“但人口出生率降得没有中国那么多”。所填短语表示降低的程度,故选用as much as“与…一样多”。
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】语义衔接题。本段一直在将印度人口与中国人口作比较。前面已经分析过,印度对人口出生率虽有控制,但不如中国那么有成效。本句假设的情况是“如果按现在的人口出生率继续增长下去”,结果可能就是印度的人口会在2028年超过中国,故选[B]pass,“超越,超过”。[A]shake“动摇,颤抖”,与population不搭配;[C]rocket,作“飞速上升”时,为不及物动词,如“The price is rocketing.”,故排除;[D]impress“留下印象”,与此处语义不符。
【答案解析】语义衔接题。由上下文的逻辑关系可知,Kerela州的人口与全国人口增长形成对比,后文中又说到“nearly two-thirds of Kerala women practice birth control”(此州近2/3的妇女实行了计划生育),因此可知空格所在句意思是“Kerela州的人口保持在稳定的水平”,故选[B]“稳定的,稳固的”。其他选项[A]reliable“可靠的,可信赖的”不能修饰population(人口),而应修饰people或person;[C]countable“可计算的,可计数的”,语义与逻辑均不符合原文;[D]flexible“柔软的,灵活的”,不可用于修饰人口。
【答案解析】结构衔接题。从结构上分析,空格所在句是对其前面的名词the state authorities做一些补充说明,空格前用逗号隔开,由此可知空格所填词引导非限制性定语从句,故选[D]which。[A]that不可以引导非限制定语从句,因此看到前面的逗号就可首先排除;[B]since一般引导原因状语从句,[C]what多用于引导主语从句。
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】语义衔接题。由上题的分析可知,空格所在句是对the state authorities的补充说明,四个选项中与the state authorities(州政府)同义复现的只有[C]government“政府”。其余选项[A]group“集团,团体”;[B]alliance“联盟,联合”[D]bureau“局,办公署”均与the state authorities不属于同一级别。
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】语义衔接题。注意本句主语是an educational tradition and matrilineal customs in parts of Kerala,既然Kerala州有教育的传统和母系氏族的习俗,就不难判断出,此州的女孩能得到和男孩同样好的教育,所以选[A]equally“相等地,平等地”。[B]officially“官方地,正式地”、[D]proudly“骄傲地,自豪地”与上下文意思不符;[C]sharply“锐利地,急剧地”不能修饰good schooling。
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】语义衔接题。while引导的让步状语从句,与后面的主句形成对比,因此比较的同是妇女的文化状况,空格处所填词应与read and write同义复现,所以选[B]literate,“有文化的,有阅读和写作能力的”。其余几项的词[A]cultural“文化的,文化上的”;[C]native,“本国的,本土的”;[D]responsible“有责任的,负责的”,语义相差甚远。