阅读理解
We are all interested in equality, but while some people try to protect the school examination system in the name of equality, others, still in the name of equality, want only to destroy it. Any society which is interested in equality of opportunity and standards of achievement must regularly test its pupils. The standards may be changed—no examination is perfect—but to have no tests or examinations would mean the end of equality and of standards. There are groups of people who oppose this view and who do not believe either in examinations or in any controls in school or on teachers. This would mean everything would depend on luck since every pupil would depend on the values and the purpose of each teacher. Without examinations, employers will look for employees from the highly respected schools and from families known to them—a form of favoritism will replace equality. At the moment, the bright child from an ill-respected school can show certificates to prove he is suitable for a job, while the lack of a certificate indicates the unsuitability of a dull child attending a well-respected school. This defense of excellence and opportunity would disappear if examinations were taken away, and the bright child from a poor family would be a prisoner of his school's reputation, unable to compete for employment with the child from the favored school. The opponents of the examination system suggest that examinations are an evil force because they show differences between pupils. According to these people, there must be no special, different academic class. They have even suggested that there should be no form of difference in sport or any other area; all jobs or posts should be filled by unsystematic selection. The selection would be made by people who themselves are probably selected by some computer.
单选题
The word "it" in paragraph 1 refers to______ .
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】事实细节题。由第一段“…but while some people try to protect the school examination system in the name of equality，others…want only to destroy it．”可知，it指代的是学校考试制度(school examination system)。故选D。
单选题
Those who support examinations believe that without examinations, ______.
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】事实细节题。由第二段第二句“…but to have no tests or examinations would mean the end of equality and of standards．”可知，支持考试制度的人认为：没有考试就没有平等和标准。故选A。
单选题
The word "favoritism" in paragraph 3 is used to describe the phenomenon that______.
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】事实细节题。由第三段第一句“Without examinations，employers will look for employees from the highly respected schools…favoritism will replace equality．”可知，如果没有考试，偏袒会取代平等，名校的学生会有更好的就业机会。故选D。
单选题
Those who are against the examination system will agree that______.
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】推理判断题。由第四段第一、二句“…because they show differences between pupils…there must be no special，different academic class．”可知，反对考试的人认为：不应该对学生区别对待，不应有特殊的、不同的课程。由此可推知，选项A正确。