【正确答案】①In the past year, China's development has faced grave challenges posed by a great many problems and interwoven risks and dangers both at home and abroad. ②However, we the Chinese people have risen to the challenge and worked hard to press ahead, driving forward sustained, healthy economic and social development. ③All regions and all government departments have steadily strengthened their consciousness of the need to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, uphold the leadership core, and keep in alignment. Pushing ahead with all-around efforts, we have achieved major progress in finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, made important strides in deepening reform, continued to exercise law-based governance, and made further progress in practicing strict Party self-governance; and we have accomplished the year's main tasks and targets for economic and social development. ④The economy has registered a slower but stable performance with good momentum for growth. ⑤GDP reached 74.4 trillion yuan, representing 6.7 percent growth and seeing China outpace most other economies. China contributed more than 30 percent of global growth. ⑥The CPI rose by 2 percent. ⑦With an 8.5-percent increase in profits, industrial enterprises reversed the previous year's negative growth of 2.3 percent. Energy consumption per unit of GDP fell by 5 percent. Economic performance improved markedly in quality and returns. ⑧Employment growth exceeded projections. ⑨A total of 13.14 million new urban jobs were added over the course of the year. ⑩The number of college graduates finding employment or starting businesses reached another record high. The registered urban unemployment rate stood at 4.02 percent at the end of the year, the lowest level in years. For China, a large developing country with a population of over 1.3 billion, attaining this level of employment is no easy task.

【答案解析】1．①句的中心词“严峻挑战”前，定语修饰语过长，翻译时应采取后置译法，避免让句子显得头重脚轻。“国内外诸多矛盾叠加、风险隐患交汇”其实是造成我国发展面临严峻挑战的原因，翻译时显化这层逻辑关系，添加posed by...来衔接前后信息，译作China's development has faced grave challenges posed by a great many problems and interwoven risks and dangers both at home and abroad。 2．②句由三个分句组成，其中前两个分句交代全国各族人民所作出的努力，最后一个分句则是解释努力所取得的相应成果，翻译时显化这层逻辑关系，将第三个分句处理成非谓语结构，译作we the Chinese people have risen to the challenge and worked hard to press ahead，driving forward sustained, healthy economic and social development。 3．③句中有四个并列的名词结构，翻译时不能按照字面意思处理，而应考虑到外国读者的接受能力，先理解其含义后，再采用转译法。比如政治意识即确保廉政勤政、大局意识即凡事要从一定高度来看、核心意识即维护党的核心领导、看齐意识即保持与中央一致，梳理清楚了原文的深层含义后，译作maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, uphold the leadership core, and keep in alignment。 4．③句中“推动全面建成小康社会取得新的重要进展……”是政府工作报告中典型的无主句，翻译时应该添加合适的主语，译作we have achieved major progress in finishing building a moderately prosperous society...。 5．⑦句“工业企业利润由上年下降2.3%……”，可以按照原文结构处理成Last year has witnessed profits gained by industrial enterprises fall by 2.3%...，也可以通过词性转换，将动词“下降”用形容词negative代替，译作industrial enterprises reversed the previous year's negative growth of 2.3 percent。 6．⑦句中“经济发展的质量和效益明显提高”可以按照原文的结构，处理成the quality and returns of economic performance have been improved evidently，也可以把原句的主语“质量和效益”转化为状语，理解为“经济发展在质量和效率方面得到了显著提高”，译作economic performance improved markedly in quality and returns，使译文的句子结构显得更加灵活多样。