问答题
On August 31,1997, Lady Diana Spencer,former wife of
Charles, Prince of Wales, was killed with her companion Dodi Fayed in a car
accident in Paris． Tests conducted by French police indicated
that the driver,who also(1ied in the crash,was intoxicated and likely caused the
accident while trying to escape the paparazzi photographers who consistently
tailed Diana during any public outing． Sixteen years earlier,
nearly four billion people in 74 countries had tuned in to witness the marriage
of Prince Charles, heir to the British throne, to Lady Diana, a young English
school teacher．Married in a grand ceremony at St Paul's Cathedral in the
presence of 2,650 guests, the couple's romance was for the moment the envy of
the world． However, before long the fairy—tale couple grew
apart, an experience that was particu- larly painful under the ubiquitous eyes
ofthe world's tabloid media． In August 1996, two months after
Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ urged the couple to divorce, the prince and princess reached a
final agreement． In exchange for a generous settlement, and the
right to retain her apartments at Kensington Palace and her title of princess,
Diana agreed to relinquish the title of"Her Royal Highness" and any future
claims to the British throne． In the year between the divorce
and her fatal car accident, the popular princess seemed well on her way of
achieving her dream of becoming"a queen in people's hearts．"
【答案解析】[解析]
本文讲述了黛安娜王妃因为交通事故而离开人世。文章从交通事故的原因讲起，叙述了黛安娜自成为英国王妃以来的生活经历。本文要求应试者掌握整个事件的发展过程，包括某些专门用语。在此基础上，应试者还要在相当短的时间内记录讲话的核心信息，理解长难句并准确完整地翻译；确切理解某些短语和单词的含义并能理解其在上下文语境中的确切用法，使译文不仅准确完整，而且符合目标语的语言习惯。
■基本素质采分点
下列单词或短语是基础知识点，包括专有名词、惯用表达等，是译者正确理解并翻译的关键。
1．Prince of Wales 威尔士亲王
2．heir to the British Throne 英国王位继承人
3．St．Paul's Cathedral 圣保罗大教堂
4．Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ 女王伊丽莎白二世
5．Kensington Palace 肯辛顿宫
6．Her Royal Highness 殿下
■结构理解采分点
以下各句是本文出现的长难句，需要应试者在短时间内，判断其结构、大意并组织语言，且保证信息的完整和准确。这要求在听时，应试者应首先注意长句的基本结构，然后补充次要结构的内容，要求应试者不仅能用符合目标语言的习惯方式表述信息，而且要保证信息在表述过程中不会缺失或误译。
1．Tests conducted by French police indicated that the driver，who also died in the crash．was intoxicated and likely caused the accident while trying to escape the paparazzi photogra- phers who consistently tailed Diana during any public outing．
原句句子结构复杂，句子结构分析如下：1)主干结构是(主语)tests+(谓 语)indicated+宾语从句；2)宾语从句的主干是the driver+was intoxicated/ caused the accident；3)who also died in the crash是非限制性定语从句，修饰driver； 4)while trying to…做伴随状语；5)who consistently tailed Diana…是定语从句， 修饰photographers；6)conducted by French police，过去分词做定语，修饰tests。 翻译该句时应采用分译法，按照中文表达习惯，将此句拆分为4个短句，把定语从句和后置定语结构拆成短句，使句子更容易理解；为使句子顺畅，还应补足实词。参考译文为：法国警察进行了化验，化验结果表明，在车祸中死亡的司机喝醉了酒，他在躲避每次戴安娜外出时紧随不放的摄影记者时出 了车祸。
2．Married in a grand ceremony at the St Paul's Cathedral in the presence of 2,650 guests， the couple's romance was for the moment the envy of the world．
原句句子结构分析如下：1)主干结构是(主语)romance+(谓语)was+(表 语)the envy；2)Married in a grand ceremony at the St Paul's Cathedral in the pre- sence of 2,650 guests，过去分词短语做状语，翻译时可将过去分词短语拆分成为短句，介词短语可转化为动词短语。参考译文为：他们俩在圣保罗教堂举行了盛大的仪式，有2,650人出席，当时他们俩的浪漫故事使世人羡慕。
3．However，before long the fairy-tale couple grew apart，an experience that was particularly painful under the ubiquitous eyes ofthe world's tabloid media．
原句句子结构分析如下：1)句子主干是(主语)the couple+(谓语)grew apart； 2)an experience that…，是同位语从句，来修饰限定主句the coupe grew apart 这件经历。翻译时可用拆译法，将从句拆开来单独成句，从句中的介词短语要按照中文的表达方法转化句序，并将介词短语结构转化为动词。参考译文为：但是不久，这童话般一对儿的感情就破裂了。世界各地的小报密切跟踪，详细报道，使得这段经历更加令人痛苦。
4．In exchange for a generous settlement，and the right to retain her apartments at Kensington Palace and her title of princess，Diana agreed to relinquish the title of“Her Royal High- ness”and any future claims to the British throne．
原句句子结构分析如下：1)句子主干是(主语)Diana+(谓语)agreed；2) In exchange for…介词短语引导了两个并列结构作目的状语；3)to relinquish the title of“Her Royal Highness”and any future claims to the British throne，是介宾短语，并有两个并列成分。翻译时根据中文表达习惯，目的状语放在句首，可采用顺译法，并对句序作适当调整。参考译文为：戴安娜为了获得优厚的待遇，并为有权保留她在肯新顿宫的住房和王妃的头衔，同意放弃“殿下”的称号和今后对继承英国王位的要求。
5．In the year between the divorce and her fatal car accident，the popular princess seemed well on her way of achieving her dream of becoming“a queen in people's hearts．”
原句句子结构分析如下：1)句子主干是(主语)the princess+(谓语)seemed； 2)In the year between…，介词短语作时间状语；3)on her way of achieving her dream of becoming“a queen in people's hearts．”，作介词短语。翻译时，按照中文表达习惯，采用顺译法，并适当调整句序使译文流畅。参考译文为：在离婚之后到车祸身亡的一年中，这位人们爱戴的王妃似已接近实现她成为“人们心中的女王”的梦想。
■言语表达采分点
应试者在注意了整体表达的基础上，还应正确处理某些重要短语或单词的理解和翻译，以使译文完整通畅。
1．former wife 前妻
2．intoxicated 喝醉的
3．paparazzi photographers 专门追逐名人的摄影记者
4．witness 目击，为……作证
5．in the presence of 在面前
6．fairy-tale couple 童话般的夫妻
7．ubiquitous 无处不在的
8．tabloidmedia 小报媒体
9．reach a final agreement 达成了最后协议
10．relinquish 放弃