单选题
At the Kyoto conference on global warming in December 1997, it became abundantly clear how complex it has become to work out international agreements relating to the environment because of economic concerns unique to each country. It is no longer enough to try to forbid certain activities or to reduce emissions of certain substances. The global challenges of the interlink between the environment and development increasingly bring us to the core of the economic life of the states. During the late 1980s we were able, through international agreements, to make deep cuts in emissions harmful to the ozone layer. These reductions were made possible because substitutions had been found for many of the harmful chemicals and, more important, because the harmful substances could be replaced without negative effects on employment and the economies of states.
Although the threat of global warming has been known to the world for decades and all countries and leaders agree that we need to deal with the problem, we also know that the effects of the measures, especially harsh measures taken in some countries, would be nullified if other countries do not control their emissions. Whereas the UN team on climate change has found that the emissions of carbon dioxide would have to be cut globally by 60% to stabilize the content of CO
2
in the atmosphere, this path is not feasible for several reasons. Such deep cuts would cause a breakdown of the world economy. Important and populous low-or medium-income countries are not yet willing to undertake legal commitments about their energy uses. In addition, the state of world technology would not yet permit us to make such a big leap.
We must, however, find a solution to the threat of global warming early in the 21st century. Such a commitment would require a degree of shared vision and common responsibilities new to humanity. Success lies in the force of imaginations, in imagining what would happen if we fail to act. Although many living in cold regions would welcome the global-warming effect of a warmer winter, few would cheer the arrival of the subsequent tropical diseases, especially where there had been none.
单选题
The Kyoto conference on global warming in December 1997 ______.
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】[解析] 细节题。利用定位关键词可以定位到第一段“At the Kyoto conference on global warming in December 1997, it became abundantly clear how complex it has become to work out international agreements relating to the environment because of economic concerns unique to each county”，即“1997年12月在京都召开了有关全球变暖的会议，由于各个国家独特的经济关注，要制定与环境有关的国际协定是相当复杂的，这一点是非常明显的”，可见因为各国都关注本国的经济，所以没能就全球变暖达成一致协定，所以选项A(没能达成与环境有关的国际协定)为正确答案；选项B虽然提到了“economic concern”，但是原文并没有说是指“reduction of emissions”；选项C(开始了寻找有害物质替代品的任务)在本次会议上未提到；选项D“the challenges of development”与原文中的“The global challenges of the interlink between the environment and development”不符，所以该题的正确答案为A。
单选题
Reductions of emissions of harmful substances were made possible in the late 1980s, because of all the following EXCEPT ______.
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】[解析] 细节判断题。利用定位关键词可以定位到第一段“During the late 1980s...These reductions were made possible because substitutions had been found for many of the harmful chemicals and, more important, because the harmful substances could be replaced without negative effects on employment and the economies of states”，即“这之所以成为可能是因为我们已经找到了许多有害化学物质的替代品，更重要的是，替代这些有害物质不会给各国的就业和经济带来负面的影响”，由此可知A(找到了有害化学物质的替代品)、B(保持了经济的发展)、C(就业未受到影响)与原文信息一致，因而该题的答案为D。
单选题
According to the author, it is impossible at present to cut 60% of carbon dioxide emissions globally because ______.
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】[解析] 细节题。利用定位关键词可以定位到第二段“...the emissions of carbon dioxide would have to be cut globally by 60% to stabilize the content of CO
2
in the atmosphere, this path is not feasible for several reasons”，即“要想稳定大气中二氧化碳的含量，全球二氧化碳的排放量将要减少60%，但是有好几个原因说明这种做法不切实际”，可见后面的几个分句就是具体说明不可行的原因，包括“Such deep cuts would cause a breakdown of the world economy”(如此大幅度的削减会导致世界经济的崩溃)，“Important and populous low-or medium-income countries are not yet willing to undertake legal commitments about their energy uses”(那些重要的、人口众多的低收入或中等收入的国家不愿意就自己的能量消耗承担法律义务)，“In addition, the state of world technology would not yet permit US to make such a big leap”(世界目前的技术水平也不容许我们做如此大的跨越)，四个选项中只有选项B(会引起世界经济的崩溃)与原文信息一致，其中原文中的breakdown与选项中的collapse为同义改写，因而该题的正确答案为B。
单选题
To help solve the problem of global warming, ______.
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】[解析] 细节题。利用定位关键词可以定位到第三段“We must, however, find a solution to the threat of global warming early in the 21st century”，其中原文的solution与题干中的solve为同根词改写，具体的解决办法从后面的分句“Such a commitment would require a degree of shared vision and common responsibilities new to humanity”由可以看出“这样的义务要求人们达成一定程度的共识，要求人们共同承担人类的新责任”，由此可知选项C(更多的国家应该为能源的使用承担责任)与原文信息一致，故本题答案为D。
单选题
The main purpose of this passage is to ______.