复合题

The objective of agriculture is to collect and store solar energy as food energy in plant and animal products, which are then distributed to serve as food for the human population. To collect solar energy in plants and animals and to help crops convert this solar energy into food energy and then to distribute the food products, farmers spend fossil-fuel energy and electric energy in tilling the soil, fertilizing, irrigating, harvesting, and processing.
New kinds of energy have helped to make a revolution in farm life, farmwork, and farm output since 1900. Only a hundred years ago in the United States most people were rural people: farmers, planters, trappers, and pioneers. In the nineteenth century, most work was done on farms by muscle power, human or animal. The chief sources of energy for heating were wood and coal. Many farms were fortunate enough to have a windmill for pumping water. In 1900 one farmworker was able to supply the needs of about seven people. In contrast, a farmworker today supplies the needs of 50 people.
The first major contributions that energy made to farming were in the use of commercial fertilizer, an energy-intensive product, and in factory-made farm machinery, which required energy to produce. Motorized farm machinery, which also required energy for its operation, first became practical for the farmer around 1910 when farm tractors became available.
During the period of 1900 to 1971, the size of the average farm in the United States more than doubled while the farm population declined to one-third of its 1900 level. This change was made possible by the introduction of new technologies to the farming process, including the use of tractors, commercial fertilizers, motorized harvesters, and new scientific methods of farming. By 1975 there were approximately 5 million tractors in use in the United States with a total capacity of 250 million horsepower, consuming 21 gallons of gasoline and 20 gallons of diesel fuel per capita in the United States. The use of commercial fertilizer grew by a factor of approximately 14 during the period 1900 to 1970 and is a critical factor in the ability to increase crop yield per unit of land cultivated.

单选题 What does the passage mainly discuss?
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】由第二段的第一句New kinds of energy have helped to make a revolution in farm life可知, 这篇文章主要讲的是不同种类的能源给农业发展带来的影响, 故应选A。
单选题 Which of the following does the author imply about pumped water?
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】由第二段的Many farms were fortunate enough to have a windmill for pumping water可知,许多农场要足够幸运才拥有抽水的风车, 可见pumped water是一件奢侈品, 很多农场都没有, 故应选A。
单选题 Between 1900 and today, the efficiency of the farmworker has increased_____.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】由第二段的In 1900 one farmworker was able to supply the needs of about seven people. In contrast, a farmworker today supplies the needs of 50 people可知, 农民的效率提高了大约七倍。
单选题 According to the passage, commercial fertilizer is responsible for which of the following?
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】由文章的最后一句可知, 化肥的使用增加了粮食的单产量, 故应选B。
单选题 Which of the following conclusions is best supported by the passage?
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】由最后一段的This change was made possible by the introduction of new technologies to the farming process可知, 新技术的采用促成了农业生产方面的变化, 即农业变得更加高效、 多产, 故应选C。