单选题 At some time in your life you have a strong desire to do something strange or terrible. However, chances are that you don"t act on your impulse, hut let it pass instead. You know that to commit the action is wrong in some way and that other people will not accept your behavior.
Perhaps the most interesting thing about the phenomenon of taboo behavior is how it can change over the years within the same society, how certain behavior and attitudes once considered taboo can become perfectly acceptable and natural to another point in time. Topics such as death, for example, were once considered so upsetting and unpleasant that it was a taboo to even talk about them. Now with the publication of important books such as On Death and Dying and Learning to Say Goodbye, people have become more aware of the importance of expressing feelings about death and, as a result, are more willing to talk about this taboo subject.
One of the newest taboos in American society is the topic of fat. Unlike many other taboos, fat is atopic that Americans talk about constantly. It"s not taboo to talk about fat; it"s taboo to be fat. The "in" look is thin, not fat. In the work world, most companies prefer youthful looking, trim executives to sell their image as well as their products to the public. The thin look is associated with youth, vigor and success. The fat person, on the otherhand, is thought of as lazy and lacking in energy, self-respect. After all, people think, how can people who care about themselves, and therefore the way they look, permit themselves to become fat? In an image-conscious soeiety like the U. S, thin is "in", fat is "out".
单选题 From the passage, we can infer taboo is ______.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 推断题。题意是:根据这篇文章,我们可以推断禁忌是什么。
A项,去做某种奇怪的或者令人吃惊的事情的强烈愿望;B项,出于冲动而犯罪;C项,公众认为不可接受的行为;D项,给他人留下的令人不快的印象。第一段第三句话指出禁忌是他人不会接受的行为,可知C项为最佳选项;文章第一段提到了选项A,但是和题意无关,因为其中心词是人们去违反禁忌的欲望。而选项B,说的是犯罪,超出了社会禁忌的范围。选项D,只讲令人不快的印象,但有些不一定是禁忌。
单选题 Based on the ideas presented in the passage we can conclude "being fat" ______ in American society.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 推断题。题意是:根据文章的观点,我们可以得出这样的结论:在美国社会中,肥胖怎样。
A项,将永远是一种禁忌;B项,在未来某一天可能将不再是禁忌;C项,早就是一种禁忌了;D项,大多数人看来不是禁忌;文章第二段的第一句话是全文的主题句,根据这一句话,可知在同一社会中随着时间的变化,禁忌也会有所变化,在某一时期的禁忌在另一时期有可能成为人们广为接受的事物。可知B项,为最佳选项。选项A项,有悖于主题,而选项C和D项,与文章第三段中说的“肥胖”是当今美国社会的一种新的、广泛的禁忌相反。
单选题 The topic of fat is ______ many other taboo subjects.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 细节题。题意是:肥胖这一话题与其他的禁忌的话题相比是怎样。
A项,相同的;B项,更加流行;C项,不同;D项,谈论的要少。根据文章第三段第二句我们可以知道,肥胖这一禁忌话题和其他的禁忌不同“Unlike many other taboos”,就在于这个话题人们经常提及。选项A和D与文章的说法相反,而文章没有提及选项B。
单选题 In the U. S., thin is "in", fat is "out" This means ______.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 语义题。题意是:在美国社会中,“瘦是in胖是out”,这句话的意思是什么。
A项,“瘦”是“里面”,“胖”是“外面”;B项,“瘦”是“勤奋”,“胖”是“懒惰”;C项,“瘦”是“时尚”,“胖”是“不时髦”;D项,“瘦”是“无精打采”“胖”是“精力充沛”。文章的最后一句,实际上是第三段的总结,根据上文我们可以知道,“in look”是瘦的形象,瘦在社会上是受到人们欢迎的,因为瘦总是使人们联想起“青春”“活力”和“成功”;而“肥胖”给人们的印象正好相反:“懒惰”、“缺乏活力与自信”。由此可知C是最佳选项。选项A为望文生义,不符合原文,选项B以偏概全,选项D和文中的说法相反。
单选题 In the last sentence the phrase "image-conscious society" can be replaced by ______.
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] 语义题。题意是:文章最后一句提到的“具有形象意识的社会”可以替换为什么。
A项,建立在清晰形象基础上的高速发展的社会;B项,具有良好形象的想象力丰富的社会;C项,由于金钱形象被破坏的社会;D项,人们重视自身形象的社会。要依据上下文来理解,第三段说明了美国人对自身形象的意识强这一社会现象,瘦是一种时尚,而肥胖是不时髦的,以至于肥胖成为社会的一种禁忌,由此,可看出美国人对自身形象的重视。因此选项D为最佳答案,而原文并没有提到选项A、B、C。