填空题 Please translate the following English into Chinese．(国际关系学院2010研，考试科目：英语综合(英汉互译)Understanding Key Economic IndicatorsIn these times when market forces appear increasingly complicated and more volatile, it is all the more important to understand the professional jargon and terminology in the market place in order to be able to better make our investment and business decisions. Understanding key economic indicators will assist in the decision making process, providing a snapshot of the current situation and an insight into the future.Each economic indicator tells us something about the economy or inflation. Gross Domestic Product(GDP)is probably the most important report as it is the whole framework where other economic indicators fall under. Using the textbook formula where Gross National Product = Consumption + Investment + Government Spending + Exports -Imports, some of the indicators will fall into the above-mentioned category e. g. retail sales figures will fall under Consumption, construction spending under Investment, to name a few. There are also indicators that are broader that tell us about the economy itself rather than the component, e. g. employment figures, leading indicators, money supply figures(M3). Inflation figures, Produce Price Index(PPI)and the Consumer Price Index(CPI)will, in short, inform us of the changes in wholesale prices, cost of consumer(retail)goods and services respectively.An indicator that is useful must be accurate, timely and reliable. It depends entirely on the integrity of the national statistical system responsible. It is vital to know the accurate components of an indicator. We have to be mindful of the limitation of these statistical figures too.Some indicators can be historic or extremely volatile, and therefore their value are reduced. It is better to compare the most recent data with earlier months, or take a moving average for the past 3 , 6 or 12 months to smooth the data. It will tell us if there has been a significant change in trend and whether a new direction is under way.Timeliness of an indicator is also significant. Although the reported figures are important, it is crucial to recognize that markets react to the variance to the consensus forecast than to the absolute change in the indicator. Markets do not like surprises and can be frustrated with volatility upon subsequent revisions to the numbers published, even though significance of the absolute number diminishes with each passing month.In the U. S. , together with the monthly employment report released on the first Friday of the month, an important survey by U. S. National Association of Purchasing Management(NAPM)is released within the first three business day of the mouth, which tracks the economic movements fairly well. These two reports are considered by many as valuable adjunct to the Commerce Department"s index of leading indicators.The Index of Leading Economic Indicators(LEI)in the U. S. acts as an early warning system, telling us whenthe economy is about to change direction. This composite index of 11 leading indicators has a good record of providing accurate forecasts. The total index performs better as a prediction tool than any of its parts. This monthly figure is available on the last business day of the month. As a general rule, turning points in the economy are signalled by three consecutive months of LEI changes in the same direction. This leading indicator is like a lighthouse, giving the rest of the world economies a glimpse of the direction of the world"s largest economy.