问答题
It is a great pleasure for me to welcome you to this
meeting on such an important issue as science, information and
society. Today, science and information are opening up new
horizons for human development. They do SO through the exchange of scientific
knowledge, the expansion of education and training, and the promotion of
creativity and intercultural dialogue. Our organization is
required therefore to help enlarge the spread of science and informa. tion
through better education. Yet science education does not take
place only in universities and institutions of higher education.An early start
must be made if we are to increase the numbers of students who are interested in
pursuing a scientific career. The uneven distribution of
science and information between the industrialized and devel- oping countries
also raises concerns.According to a UN Report, industrialized countries, with
only 15%of the world's population, are home to 88%of all Internet users.Less
than 1%Of people in South Asia are online, even though it is home to one-fifth
of the world's population. The situation is even worse in Africa.There are only
one million Internet users on the entire continent whereas in the UK alone there
are 10.5 million.In other words, capacity-buffding is vital for the developing
world if they are to become knowledge societies. These are some
ofthe key issues that I hope you will discuss during the upcoming meeting. In
particular, I am keen to hear your views on how this meeting can make a
difference and, indeed, how science and information can make a difference in
building knowledge societies. Thank you.
【答案解析】[解析]
本文是一段有关科学、信息与社会发展的讲话。文章讲述了科学和信息可以促进社会发展;有必要通过改善教育状况来扩大科学和信息的覆盖面;科学教育应从儿童抓起。文章比较了发达国家和发展中国家科学信息分配不均衡的问题。文章使用了大量的数字统计和举例说明,以使观点更具有说服力。
本文要求应试者掌握科学、信息与社会发展的关系,其中考查应试者对专门 用语的掌握情况,以反映应试者的基本素质;在此基础上,应试者还要在相当短 的时间内记录讲话的核心信息,对长难句理解并准确完整地翻译;对某些短语和单词确切理解其含义并能理解其在上下文语境中的确切用法,使全文的翻译不仅准确完整,而且符合目标语的语言习惯。
■基本素质采分点
下列单词或短语是基础知识点,包括专有名词、惯用表达等,是应试者正确理解并翻译的关键。
1.industrializedcountries 发达国家,工业化国家
2.developing countries 发展中国家
3.South.Asia 南亚
4.Internet users 因特网用户、上网的人
■结构理解采分点
以下各句是本文出现的长难句,需要应试者在短时间内,判断其结构、大意并组织翻译语言,且保证信息的完整和准确。这要求在听时,应试者应注意长句的基本结构,而后补充次要结构的内容,要求应试者不仅能用符合目标语言的习惯方式表述信息,而且要保证信息在表述过程中不会缺失或误译。
1.They do SO through the exchange of scientific knowledge,the expansion of education and training,and the promotion of creativity and intercultural dialogue.
原文句子结构分析如下:1)主干结构是(主语)they+(谓语)do+(宾语) so;2)介词through引导两个并列成分,表示方式。翻译该句时应采用转换法,把介词短语转化成为动词结构,把抽象名词转化成动词,符合中文连动结构多的表达习惯。参考译文为:科学和信息可以促进科学知识的交流,扩大教育和培训的规模,促进创新和不同文化之间的对话。
2.An early start must be made if we are to increase the numbers of students who are interested in pursuing a scientific career.
原句句子结构分析如下:1)主干结构是if条件从句+主句;2)主句主干是 start+must be made;3)if条件从旬中包含定语从句。翻译时可采用变序法, 改变定语从句的位置,使译文符合中文表达习惯。参考译文为:我们必须从儿童抓起,才能使越来越多的学生愿意从事科学工作。
3.The uneven distribution of science and information between the industrialized and devel- oping countries also raises concerns.
原句句子结构分析如下:1)句子主干是(主语)the distribution+(谓语)raises +(宾语)concern;2)介词短语作后置定语。翻译时可用变序法,按照中文的表达方法把后置定语变为前置定语。参考译文为:工业化国家(发达国家) 和发展中国家之间科学与信息分配不均衡的问题也值得关注。
4.According to a UN Report,industrialized countries,with only 15%of the world's population, are home to 88%of all Internet users.
原句句子结构分析如下:1)句子主干是(主语)industrialized countries,+(谓 语)are+(宾语)home;2)with only 15%of the world's population,介词短语作插入语,解释说明industrialized countries。翻译时根据中文表达习惯,时间状语放在句首,可采用变序法,对句序作适当调整。参考译文为:联合国的一 份报告指出,全球上网人数的8 8%集中在发达国家,虽然这些国家的人口只占世界人口总数的15%。
5.In other words,capacity-building is vital for the developing world if they are to become knowledge societies.
原句句子结构分析如下:1)主干结构是if条件从句+主句;2)主句主干是 capacity+is vital;3)if条件从句是简单句。翻译时可采用变序法,改变条件从句的位置,使译文符合中文表达习惯;同时注意固定搭配in other words。 参考译文为:换言之,如果发展中国家要建设知识社会,就必须加强自身的能力建设。
■言语表达采分点
应试者在注意了整体表达的基础上,还应正确处理某些重要短语或单词的理解和翻译,以使译文完整通畅。
1.openup newhorizon 开辟了新的前景
2.promotion ofcreativity 促进创新
3.pursue 追求,寻求
4.unevendistribution 分配不均衡
5.raise concern 值得关注
6.in other words 换言之
7.vital 至关重要的
8.inparticular 特别、尤其
9.be keen to 热心、渴望
10.make a difference 有影响,很重要