问答题
阅读下面短文，请完成短文后的2项测试任务：(1)从第16~19题后所给的5个选项中为第①〜④段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)从第20〜25题后所给的7个选项中选择6个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。将正确选项写在答题卡上。
Research Is a State of Mind ① For many years, there has been much misunderstanding as to just what research is.The popular belief seems to be that there is something mysterious (神秘的) about it and every research requires expensive scientific equipment.Actually, this is not so.Research isn’t a physical thing at all; it’s a state of mind.It is a simple, organized way of divying to accomplish something you wish to do.
② You start by selecting the problem you would like to solve, and then you list at least ten reasons why it has not been solved.But in selecting the problem, you need to be sure that it is worth the effort.Remember, it takes just as much effort to solve a useless problem as a useful one.
③ After carefully selecting the problem and the ten things between you and the solution, you then use the same procedure as in solving a crossword puzzle (填字游戏).You start with the less serious difficulties, and eventually you arrive at the one or two major ones.In the solution of the remaining difficulties, you may need some simple equipment, but what you need most is patience.Few people realize how hard it is to do anything new.
④ Maybe one of the reasons people are so easily discouraged is because of their education.During all our years at school, we were examined two or three times a year.If we failed once, we were out.However, all research work is 99.9% failure and, if we succeed once, we are in.If we are going to make progress, we must learn to fail intelligently so that we won’t become discouraged at the 99.9% failure.
Task 1 16.Paragraph ①：
17.Paragraph ②：
18.Paragraph ③：
19.Paragraph ④：
Task 2
20.It is popularly believed that all research needs______.
21.One should make sure the research is______.
22.It is as difficult to solve a useful problem as to______.
23.One may need some simple equipment to overcome______.
24.Not many people realize that it is difficult to______.
25.Failures in research______.
Research Is a State of Mind ① For many years, there has been much misunderstanding as to just what research is.The popular belief seems to be that there is something mysterious (神秘的) about it and every research requires expensive scientific equipment.Actually, this is not so.Research isn’t a physical thing at all; it’s a state of mind.It is a simple, organized way of divying to accomplish something you wish to do.
② You start by selecting the problem you would like to solve, and then you list at least ten reasons why it has not been solved.But in selecting the problem, you need to be sure that it is worth the effort.Remember, it takes just as much effort to solve a useless problem as a useful one.
③ After carefully selecting the problem and the ten things between you and the solution, you then use the same procedure as in solving a crossword puzzle (填字游戏).You start with the less serious difficulties, and eventually you arrive at the one or two major ones.In the solution of the remaining difficulties, you may need some simple equipment, but what you need most is patience.Few people realize how hard it is to do anything new.
④ Maybe one of the reasons people are so easily discouraged is because of their education.During all our years at school, we were examined two or three times a year.If we failed once, we were out.However, all research work is 99.9% failure and, if we succeed once, we are in.If we are going to make progress, we must learn to fail intelligently so that we won’t become discouraged at the 99.9% failure.
Task 1 16.Paragraph ①：
17.Paragraph ②：
18.Paragraph ③：
19.Paragraph ④：
Task 220.It is popularly believed that all research needs______.
21.One should make sure the research is______.
22.It is as difficult to solve a useful problem as to______.
23.One may need some simple equipment to overcome______.
24.Not many people realize that it is difficult to______.
25.Failures in research______.
【正确答案】【文章导读】本篇文章主要讲的是有关研究的定义、步骤、问题、解决方法。以及在研究中不要害怕失败。
16.B 文章第一段共四句话。第一二句话讲述的是人们一直以来对研究的误解，认为“research requires expensive scientific equipment（研究需要昂贵的设备）”，后面两句话改正这种观点，解释研究的真正的定义，即“it’s a state of mind（是一种思维状态）”。因此该段讲述的是研究的真正定义。因此选B项。
17.A 文章第二段共三句话，分别讲述的是，选择想要研究解决的问题并列出原因，确保所选的课题值得研究，最后提醒，无用的课题也需要花精力去研究。因此本段讲述的是研究的第一步，选题。因此选A项。
18.D 文章第三段共四句话，分别表述的是，选完题后要开始解决问题，从易到难，有耐心，“what you need most is patience（你最需要的是耐心）”，最后一句表示，很少有人认识到做新事情的困难。因此本段讲述的是给研究的问题找解决方法。因此选D项。
19.E 文章第四段共五句话。第一句为主题句，“Maybe one of the reasons people are so easily discouraged is because of their education（或许人们轻易感到失败的原因之一是他们的受到的教育）”，之后通过学校的例子说明，在学校只要是一次不及格就会被退学。最后文章通过“However”转折，表示研究工作99.9％会失败，我们要在失败中吸取教训，不要被吓倒。因此该段讲述的是鼓励人们不要被研究过程中的失败吓倒，因此选E项。
20.F 根据文章第一段中的“The popular belief seems to be that…every research requires expensive scientific equipment”可知，人们普遍认为所有研究都需要昂贵的科学仪器，因此此处填expensive scientific equipment，选F项。
21.B 根据文章第二段中的“in selecting the problem, you need to be sure that it is worth the effort”可知，在选题时，要确保所选题目值得研究。因此选B项。
22.E 根据文章第二段最后一句话“it takes as much effort to solve a useless problem as a useful one”可知，研究无用的课题与研究有用的课题一样难，所以还不如研究有用的课题。因此选E项。
23.G 根据文章第三段中的“In the solution of the remaining difficulties, you may need some simple equipment…”可知，在解决剩下的困难时，可能需要用到简单的设备，因此选G项。
24.C 根据文章第三段最后一句“Few people realize how hard it is to do anything new”可知，很少有人意识到做新鲜事是很困难的。因此选C项。
25.A 根据文章最后一段可知，研究的失败率是99.9％，因此可知，研究中的失败经常发生。因此选A项。
16.B 文章第一段共四句话。第一二句话讲述的是人们一直以来对研究的误解，认为“research requires expensive scientific equipment（研究需要昂贵的设备）”，后面两句话改正这种观点，解释研究的真正的定义，即“it’s a state of mind（是一种思维状态）”。因此该段讲述的是研究的真正定义。因此选B项。
17.A 文章第二段共三句话，分别讲述的是，选择想要研究解决的问题并列出原因，确保所选的课题值得研究，最后提醒，无用的课题也需要花精力去研究。因此本段讲述的是研究的第一步，选题。因此选A项。
18.D 文章第三段共四句话，分别表述的是，选完题后要开始解决问题，从易到难，有耐心，“what you need most is patience（你最需要的是耐心）”，最后一句表示，很少有人认识到做新事情的困难。因此本段讲述的是给研究的问题找解决方法。因此选D项。
19.E 文章第四段共五句话。第一句为主题句，“Maybe one of the reasons people are so easily discouraged is because of their education（或许人们轻易感到失败的原因之一是他们的受到的教育）”，之后通过学校的例子说明，在学校只要是一次不及格就会被退学。最后文章通过“However”转折，表示研究工作99.9％会失败，我们要在失败中吸取教训，不要被吓倒。因此该段讲述的是鼓励人们不要被研究过程中的失败吓倒，因此选E项。
20.F 根据文章第一段中的“The popular belief seems to be that…every research requires expensive scientific equipment”可知，人们普遍认为所有研究都需要昂贵的科学仪器，因此此处填expensive scientific equipment，选F项。
21.B 根据文章第二段中的“in selecting the problem, you need to be sure that it is worth the effort”可知，在选题时，要确保所选题目值得研究。因此选B项。
22.E 根据文章第二段最后一句话“it takes as much effort to solve a useless problem as a useful one”可知，研究无用的课题与研究有用的课题一样难，所以还不如研究有用的课题。因此选E项。
23.G 根据文章第三段中的“In the solution of the remaining difficulties, you may need some simple equipment…”可知，在解决剩下的困难时，可能需要用到简单的设备，因此选G项。
24.C 根据文章第三段最后一句“Few people realize how hard it is to do anything new”可知，很少有人意识到做新鲜事是很困难的。因此选C项。
25.A 根据文章最后一段可知，研究的失败率是99.9％，因此可知，研究中的失败经常发生。因此选A项。
【答案解析】