Recent stories in the newspapers and magazines suggest that teaching and research contradict each other, that research plays too prominent a part in academic promotions, and that teaching is badly underemphasized. There is an element of truth in these statements, but they also ignore deeper and more important relationships. Research experience is an essential element of hiring and promotion at a research university because it is the emphasis on research that distinguishes such a university from an arts college. Some professors, however, neglect teaching for research and that presents a problem. Most research universities reward outstanding teaching, but the greatest recognition is usually given for achievements in research. Part of the reason is the difficulty of judging teaching. A highly responsible and tough professor is usually appreciated by top students who want to be challenged, but disliked by those whose records are less impressive. The mild professor gets overall ratings that are usually high, but there is a sense of disappointment in the part of the best students, exactly those for whom the system should present the greatest challenges. Thus, a university trying to promote professors primarily on the teaching qualities would have to confront this confusion. As modern science moves faster, two forces are exerted on professor: one is the time needed to keep on with the profession; the other is the time needed to teach. The training of new scientists requires outstanding teaching at the research university as well as the arts college. Although scientists are usually "made" in the elementary schools, scientists can be "lost" by poor teaching at the college and graduate school levels. The solution is not to separate teaching and research, but to recognize that the combination is difficult but vital. The title of professor should be given only to those who profess, and it is perhaps time for universities to reserve it for those willing to be an earnest part of the community of scholars. Professors unwilling to teach can be called "distinguished research investigators" or something else. The pace of modern science makes it increasingly difficult to be a great researcher and a great teacher. Yet many are described in just those terms. Those who say we can separate teaching and research simply do not understand the system but those who say the problem will disappear are not fulfilling their responsibilities.
单选题
What idea does the author want to convey in the first paragraph? A. It is wrong to overestimate the importance of teaching. B. Teaching and research are contradictory to each other. C. Research can never be emphasized too much. D. The relationship between teaching and research should not be simplified.
单选题
In academic promotions research universities still attach more importance to research partly because______. A. research improves the quality of teaching B. students who want to he challenged appreciate research professors C. it is difficult to evaluate teaching quality objectively D. professors with achievements in research are usually responsible and tough
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】细节题。本题问，研究更受重视部分原因是什么，关键词partly because与第三段第二句part of the reason完全对应，比较选项，[C]“客观地评价教学质量是困难的”符合题意。选项[A]没有提到，从文中也得不出[B]、[D]的结论。
单选题
According to the fourth paragraph, which of the following will the author probably agree with? A. Distinguished professors at research universities should concentrate on research only. B. The separation of teaching from research can lower the quality of future scientists. C. It is of utmost importance to improve teaching in elementary schools in order to train new scientists. D. The rapid development of modern science makes it impossible to combine teaching with research.
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】细节判断题。本题问，根据对第四段的理解，作者同意以下那一种看法。根据第四段第四句话：The solution is not to separate teaching and research, but to recognize that the combination is difficult but vital。解决办法不是把教学和研究分开而是认识到二者结合是很难，但又至关重要的。可见，教学不应与研究分开，选项[D]意思与之相悖，不是正确答案。第二句话说：“研究型大学也需要杰出的教学”。因此，[A]不对。第三句话说：“科学家仍有可能在大学或研究生院层次被低劣的教学水平给毁了。”可见，仅提高小学教学是不够的，因此，[C]也不对。所以，只有选项[B]是正确答案，即：教学从研究中的分离可能会降低未来科学家的质量。
单选题
The title of professor should be given only to those who, first and foremost, do______. A. teaching B. field work C. scientific research D. investigation
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】细节题。关键词the title of professor与第四段第7～8行说：The title of professor should be given only to those who profess正好对应，此处的profess即指teaching，因此，[A]为正确答案。
单选题
The phrase "the problem" (Line 3, Para. 5)refers to______. A. raising the status of teaching B. the combination of teaching with research C. the separation of teaching from research D. improving the status of research