单选题 The problems of the American cities -- pollution, crime, transportation, a lack of planning -- are bad, but they were worse in the so-called "good old days", according to Dr Charles Adrian. He gives pollution from automobiles as one example. He agrees that it may be bad now, but he states that there was a lot of pollution from horses and other animals in American cities in the 19th century.
"Most cities had their own slaughterhouses (屠宰场) where cows and pigs were killed a century ago. They were careless about throwing out the remains of the animals and that sort of thing," he said. "And no measure was taken for waste disposal."
Some of the problems that bothered people living in the cities during that period are still with us -- poor planning, problems in low-income neighborhoods, police relations, and public transportation.
"Pollution was a very important problem for city governments in the last century, particularly with regard to water supplies," Dr Adrian said. "They had some idea that water could be polluted, but they didn't know how. Trying to get pure water was a big problem."
"People like to talk about the good old days, but, actually, the cities of the 19th century were dirty. Communicable diseases like smallpox were great concerns. The infant death rate was high, and there were other dangers as well."
单选题 In Dr Adrian's opinion, today's American cities are ______.
  • A. worse than the cities in the "good old days"
  • B. better than the cities in the so-called "good old days"
  • C. more seriously polluted than in the "good old days"
  • D. polluted by horses and other animals
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】推理题。根据第一段的意思,尽管现代的城市存在诸多问题,但过去的城市问题更多,因此可推断现代城市比过去的城市好。B项为正确答案。
单选题 Which of the following can describe Dr Adrian's attitude towards today's cities?
  • A. Disappointed.
  • B. Worried.
  • C. Optimistic.
  • D. Pessimistic.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】推理题。从他认为现代城市比过去的城市好可以推断他的态度是乐观的。
单选题 In the last paragraph, "communicable diseases" refer to ______.
  • A. the diseases that cause people unable to communicate
  • B. the diseases that result in deafness
  • C. the diseases that result in blindness
  • D. the diseases that spread from person to person
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】词汇题。参见最后一段。
单选题 According to the passage, what are the problems of the cities in the "good old days"?
  • A. A lack of waste disposal.
  • B. Poor planning, problems in low-income neighborhoods, and punic transportation.
  • C. Pollution and infectious diseases.
  • D. All of the above.
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】细节题。A、B和C项均作为过去城市的问题在文中提到了,因此D项为正确答案。
单选题 What is the passage mainly about?
  • A. The good old days.
  • B. Problems of today's American cities.
  • C. Cities were worse in the past than they are now.
  • D. Today's cities are terrible places to live.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】主旨题。本文主要对比现代城市与过去城市所存在的问题。因此C项为正确答案。