单选题 In recent years many countries of the world{{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}with the problem of how to make their workers more productive. Some experts claim the answer is to make jobs more{{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}. But do more varied jobs lead to greater productivity? There is evidence to suggest that while variety certainly makes the workers' life more enjoyable, it does not actually make him work harder. As far as increasing productivity is{{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}, the variety is no an important factor.
Other experts feel that giving the worker freedom to do his job in his own way is important and there is no doubt that this is true. The problem is that this kind of freedom cannot easily be given in the modern factory with its complicated{{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}which must be used in a fixed way, Thus while freedom of choice may be important, there is usually very little that{{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}to create it. Another important{{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}is how much each worker contributes to the product be is making. In most factories the worker sees only one small part of the product. Some car factories are now experimenting with having many small production lines rather than one large one, so that each worker contributes more to the production of the cars on his line It would seam that not only is the{{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}of workers' contribution an important factor,{{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}, but it is also one we can do something about.
To what extent does more money lead to greater productivity? The workers themselves certainly think this is important. But perhaps they want more money only because the work they do is so boring. Money just lets them enjoy their spare time more. A similar argument may explain{{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}for shorter working hours. Perhaps if we succeed in making their jobs more interesting, they will neither want more money, nor will shorter{{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}hours be so important to them.