问答题 Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.
{{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}Stratford-on-Avon, as we all know, has only one industry—William Shakespeare—but there are two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches.{{/U}} There is the Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC), which presents superb productions of the plays at the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre on the Avon. And there are the townsfolk who largely live off the tourists who come, not to see the plays, but to look at Anne Hathaway's Cottage, Shakespeare's birthplace and the other sights.
{{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}The worthy residents of Stratford doubt that the theatre adds a penny to their revenue. They frankly dislike the RSC's actors, them with their long hair and beards and sandals and noisiness.{{/U}} It's all deliciously ironic when you consider that Shakespeare, who earns their living, was himself an actor (with a beard) and did his share of noise-making.
The tourist streams are not entirely separate. The sightseers who come by bus—and often take in Warwick Castle and Blenheim Palace on the side—don't usually see the plays, and some of them are even surprised to find a theatre in Stratford. However, the playgoers do manage a little sight-seeing along with their playgoing. It is the playgoers, the RSC contends, who bring in much of the town's revenue because they spend the night (some of them four or five nights) pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants. The sightseers can take in everything and get out of town by nightfall.
{{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}The townsfolk don't see it this way and local council does not contribute directly to the subsidy of the Royal Shakespeare Company.{{/U}} Stratford cries poor traditionally. Nevertheless every hotel in town seems to be adding a new wing or cocktail lounge. Hilton is building its own hotel there, which you may be sure will be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars, the Lear Lounge, the Banquo Banqueting Room, and so forth, and will be very expensive.
{{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}Anyway, the townsfolk can't understand why the Royal Shakespeare Company needs a subsidy. (The theatre has broken attendance records for three years in a row. Last year its 1431 seats were 94 percent occupied all year long and this year they'll do better.) The reason, of course, is that costs have rocketed and ticket prices have stayed low.{{/U}}
{{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}It would be a shame to raise prices too much because it would drive away the young people who are Stratford's most attractive clientele.{{/U}} They come entirely for the plays, not the sights. They all seem to look alike (though they come from all over)—lean, pointed, dedicated faces, wearing jeans and sandals, eating their buns and bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre to buy the 20 seats and 80 standing-room tickets held for the sleepers and sold to them when the box office opens at 10:30 a.m.
【正确答案】正如我们大家所知道的,埃文河上的斯特拉福小城只有一个行业,即威廉·莎士比亚,可是却拥有两个截然不同的、日益敌视的分支。
【答案解析】
【正确答案】斯特拉福城可敬的居民们不相信剧院会给他们增添税收。他们坦城表示不喜欢皇家莎士比亚公司的演员,这些人留着长发、蓄着胡须,穿着凉鞋,吵吵嚷嚷。
【答案解析】
【正确答案】城镇居民并不这样看待这个问题;地方议会也没有直接拨款给皇家莎士比亚公司。
【答案解析】
【正确答案】不管怎样,小镇居民无法理解为什么皇家莎士比亚公司需要拨款补贴。(该剧院已连续3年打破上座率记录。去年该剧院1431个座位全年有94%的上座率,而今年将会更好。)当然,其原因是物价急剧上升而票价一直偏低。
【答案解析】
【正确答案】把票价抬得太高也不是好事,因为这样做会把斯特拉福最主要的顾客——年轻人赶跑。
【答案解析】