阅读理解 We’re eating more fish than ever these days. At around 20 kilograms per person global fish consumption is now more than twice what it was in the 1960s. What’s really remarkable, though, is where that fish comes from. For the first time in human history, most of our aquatic (水产的) food now comes from farming rather than fishing. People ate around 73 million tonnes of farmed fish—just more than half of the volume of fish that humans consumed—in 2014. That’s out of a total fish supply of 167 million tonnes; the remaining 20 million or so tonnes go into things like animal feed and medical products. To keep eating fish at the current rate, we’re definitely going to need to keep aquaculture (水产养殖) developing. That’s because the volume of fish caught in the wild has leveled off since the 1990s. Back in 1974, only 10% of marine fish stocks had been overfished. Now, more than three-tenths are. Only a tenth of our oceans’ fish stocks could sustain heavier fishing than current levels. But while catchings at sea have suffered, fish-farming has been growing at a fast rate. A lot of that is coming from China, which produces 60% of the world’s fanned fish. In fact, some 35 countries, including China, now produce more farmed than wild-caught fish. This shift toward aquaculture isn’t just good for ensuring salmon (三文鱼) on your plate; it’s also crucial to ensuring food security and sustainability. By 2050, the world will need to feed an estimated 9.7 billion people. They’ll have to get their protein somewhere. However, raising cattle, pigs, and other land-based animals requires vast sums of grain and water. For example, pound for pound, beef requires 15 times more feed to raise than carp, a freshwater fish farmed all over Asia. That grain—and the water needed to grow it—could be consumed by people instead. However, aquaculture is no silver bullet. In some southeast Asian countries, shrimp farming does disastrous damage to marine ecosystems. Despite these problems, however, shrimp continues to be among the most popular seafoods worldwide.

单选题 What does the author say is remarkable about the fish we eat?

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】题目询问作者说我们吃的鱼有什么鲜明特点?由第1段最后一句可知，作者认为，真正值得注意的是：这些鱼从何而来(where that fish comes from)。第2段指出，现在大部分水产食品来自水产养殖业(farming)而不是捕捞业(fishing)。可见，我们吃的主要是养殖鱼，故选B项“大多是养殖的”，其中farm意为“养殖；耕种”。

单选题 What do we need to do if we keep consuming fish at the current rate?

单选题 What does the author say about China in terms of aquatic food?

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】题目问到，关于中国的水产食品，作者说了什么。第6段第1句提到鱼类养殖快速增长，第2、3句指出中国养殖鱼的产量占全世界60％，且中国养殖鱼产量超过了野生鱼捕捞量(produce more farmed than wild-caught fish)，C项“饲养鱼比野生捕捞鱼多”符合题意，raise是原文produce的同义改写，caught from the wild对应文中wild-caught。

单选题 Why does the author say aquaculture is so important these days?

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】题目询问为什么作者认为水产养殖在今天非常重要。根据Important定位到其同义词crucial所在的倒数第2段第1句。这句话起到了承上启下的作用，the shift toward aquaculture is crucial to food sustainability不仅总结了避免过度捕捞可以保证食物可持续性，又引出下文发展水产养殖对于food sustainability的重要性，即为了养活世界越来越多的人。A项“是养活世界快速增长人口的必要条件”是水产养殖重要性的直接体现，是对文中feed an estimated 9．7 billion people的近义概括，故选A项。

单选题 What does the author imply by saying aquaculture is no silver bullet?

单选题 What does the WFP’s winning of the Nobel Peace Prize make us realize?

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】题目询问WFP获得诺贝尔和平奖让我们认识到什么问题。题目中the WFP’s winning of．．．make us realize与第2段最后一句Its Nobel Prize reminds us对应，答案在该句寻找。文中提到，WFP获颁诺贝尔奖是在提醒所有人：把穷人、弱势群体看作别人的问题是有道德风险的。D项“认为‘帮助穷人’与自己无关是不道义的”表述与此相符，其中morally wrong与文中the moral hazard对应，not our business是文中somebody else’s problem的同义改写，因此D项为正确答案。

单选题 What do we learn about the WFP’s effort to eliminate hunger?

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】题目询问从粮食计划署消除饥饿的努力中我们了解到什么情况。由第3段第2句可知，粮食计划署努力了很多年，但目前情况不容乐观：全世界仍有大约11％的人口每天都营养不良。在缓解营养不良局势方面，第3句指出，虽然之前取得一些进展，但目前进展已停滞不前。由此可见，WFP消除饥饿的目标任重而道远。B项“尽管取得了进展，但离目标还很远”符合原文表述，其中despite the progress made对应文中despite gains…故选B项。

单选题 What will happen when food aid is offered at a price?

单选题 How can scientists help cope with poverty and hunger?

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】题目询问科学家如何帮助应对贫困和饥饿。最后一段第2句提到，科学家把农业和气候知识分享给极易发生贫困和饥饿的国家的同行，帮助减少问题的发生。By sharing…with peers in countries…即为解题关键，B项“通过与贫困国家的同行分享专业知识”符合文意，其中expertise与文中knowledge of agriculture and climate对应，poverty-stricken nations是文中countries most vulnerable to poverty and hunger的近义替换，故选B项。

单选题 What message does the author try to convey at the end of the passage?

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】题目询问作者在文章末尾想表达什么。作者在文章最后一段倒数第2句指出，极贫困国家必须培养克服粮食短缺的能力(The ability to overcome…the poorest countries)，而这种能力需要依靠人民的力量，而不是依靠富裕国家、世界经济机构的援助，故选C项“贫困国家应该增强自身克服粮食短缺的能力”。