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The ultimate goal of economic developments is to improve the well-being of people. The building of factories, the terracing of land and the training of engineers are but means toward that end; enhancing the reputation or wealth of political leaders and increasing the prestige or power of nation states are irrelevant. Improving the health of people is fundamental to improving their well-being. This being so, it is important to know what “health” means. Health has long been defined by the 155 member states of the World Health Organization(WHO) as “a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.” The ultimate goal of development can therefore be said to be health, in this broad sense, for all the people of the world. It is simple as that — and as complex.
It is complex because when it comes to defining health policies, assigning priorities, allotting funds and planning and operation programs to give effect to the policies, it is not easy for political leaders or technical experts in either the underdeveloped or the developed countries to keep in mind the centrality of human development. There are two conventional ways to view the relation between health and development. One sees health as a prerequisite for development. The other sees health as a concomitant of development. Both views are supported by evidence and both can motivate human development programs. They are not even mutually exclusive; rather they are mutually supportive.
Health is indeed a prerequisite for economic and social advance. Human energy is the fuel that drives development, the source not only of physical work and other economic activity but also of hope for the future, social awareness and the ability to absorb and apply new knowledge, all of which are essential to development. Genuine measures to improve health are likely to contribute to general socioeconomic advance.
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What’s essential to improving the well-being of people?
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What’s the definition of health by WHO?
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Why is it complex to achieve the ultimate goal of development?
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What are the two views on the relation between health and development?