问答题 {{B}}Minutes{{/B}} Minutes serve as a written record of a meeting, which is circulated to all people who were (or should have been)at the meeting. In the case of people who were absent from the meeting, the minutes tell them what was decided in their absence. Minutes are not just a repetition of what was said in a meeting. Minutes must reflect the significance of different speaker's contributions in the meeting. Therefore, the minute-taker must understand not only what the speaker said, but also what they meant. Ⅰ. Components of minutes 1. The name of the organization 2. The place, date, and time of the meeting 3. The name of the person presiding 4. A record of attendance (for small meetings, a list of those present or absent; for large meetings, the number of members in attendance) 5. An account of all reports, motions, or resolutions made ( including all necessary details and the results of votes taken) 6. Sometimes the date, time and place of the next meeting 7. The time of adjournment Ⅱ. Steps for minutes taking and writing 1. 听 2. 做好笔记 3. 撰写会议记录 听懂会上的发言是做好会议记录的必要条件。因此，开会时要选一个最佳的位置，听清每个人的发言——会上你不可能要求他们重复，所以你只须一次机会。平时要多练习在嘈杂的环境中听正常语速的英语(例如收听电台广播)，这样有助于应付会议。 做笔记是会议记录的第二步。懂速记有助于做好仁义笔记，然而笔记却又不同于速记。速记的目的是尽可能把发言全部记下来，而笔记则是要抓住发言的中心思想。因此，速成记并非是做会议记录的理想方法，最好是自己摸索出一套方法。使用缩写和句子缩写以及符号，是三种常见的做笔记的方法。 (1) Common symbols for minutes taking i.e. that is(即) e.g. for example (例如) approx. approximately (大约) b/w between (在……之间) 1st, 2nd,3rd,etc. first, second, third, etc. (第一、第二、第三、等等) i/e import-export (进出口) o/d overdue (过期) sig. significant (有意义的) Q1,Q2,Q3,Q4 first, second, third, fourth quarter of the year (第一、二、三、四季度) b4 before (在……之前) bt but (但是) (2) 使用缩写 词尾元音缩写 例: popn = population relatns = relations feasiblty = feasibility 句子缩写 省略那不增加句子的实质性内容、只起建立句子的语法构架的虚词，如be动词，作助动词用的 have, has, had, 冠词a, an, the。 (3) 使用符号 使用符号也是笔记中常用的方法，用于不同内容之间的关系。例如，等号(=)表示equals, is,意思是“即，是”；不等号(≠)表示not equal to,意思是 "不是、不等于";向右的箭头(→)表示 leads to, results in,意思是“导致某一结果”；向左的箭头(←)表示the result of, due to，意思是“由于，因为”；向下的箭头(