问答题Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments
into Chinese. As part of more comprehensive compliance and
ethics programs, many companies have formulated internal policies pertaining to
the ethical conduct of employees. These policies can be simple exhortations in
broad, highly-generalized language (typically called a corporate ethics
statement), or they can be more detailed policies, containing specific
behavioral requirements (typically called corporate ethics codes). {{U}}
{{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}They are generally meant to identify the
company's expectations of workers and to offer guidance on handling some of the
more common ethical problems that might arise in the course of doing
business.{{/U}} {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}It is hoped that
having such a policy will lead to greater ethical awareness, consistency in
application, and the avoidance of ethical disasters.{{/U}}
{{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}An increasing number of companies
also requires employees to attend seminars regarding business conduct, which
often include discussion of the company's policies, specific case studies, and
legal requirements.{{/U}} Some companies even require their employees to sign
agreements stating that they will abide by the company's rules of
conduct. Many companies are assessing the environmental factors
that can lead employees to engage in unethical conduct. A competitive business
environment may call for unethical behavior. Lying has become expected in fields
such as trading. An example of this are the issues surrounding the unethical
actions of the Saloman Brothers. Not everyone supports
corporate policies that govern ethical conduct. Some claim that ethical problems
are better dealt with by depending upon employees to use their own
judgment. Others believe that corporate ethics policies are
primarily rooted in utilitarian concerns, and that they are mainly to limit the
company's legal liability, or to curry public favor by giving the appearance of
being a good corporate citizen. Ideally, the company will avoid a lawsuit
because its employees will follow the rules. {{U}} {{U}} 4
{{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}Should a lawsuit occur, the company can claim that the problem
would not have arisen if the employee had only followed the code
properly.{{/U}} Sometimes there is disconnection between the
company's code of ethics and the company's actual practices. {{U}} {{U}}
5 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}Thus, whether or not such conduct is explicitly
sanctioned by management, at worst, this makes the policy duplicitous (搞两面派),
and, at best, it is merely a marketing tool.{{/U}}