Data has a habit of spreading. It slips past military security and it can also leak from WikiLeaks. It even slipped past the bans of the Guardian and other media organisations involved in this story when a rogue copy of Der Spiegel accidentally went on sale in Basle, Switzerland. Someone bought it, realised what they had, and began scanning the pages, translating them from German to English and posting up-dates on Twitter. It would seem digital data respects no authority, be it the Pentagon, WikiLeaks or a newspaper editor. Individually, we have all already experienced the massive changes resulting from digitisation. Events or information that we once considered momentary and private are now accumulated, permanent, public. Governments hold our personal data in huge databases. It used to cost money to disclose and distribute information. In the digital age it costs money not to. But when data breaches happen to the public, politicians don't care much. Our privacy is expendable. It is no surprise that the reaction to these leaks is different. What has changed the dynamic of power in a revolutionary way isn't just the scale of the databases being kept, but that individuals can upload a copy and present it to the world. To some this marks a crisis, to others an opportunity. Technology is breaking down traditional social barriers of status, class, power, wealth and geography—replacing them with an ethos of collaboration and transparency. Leaks are not the problem; they are the symptom. They reveal a disconnect between what people want and need to know and what they actually do know. The greater the secrecy, the more likely a leak. The way to move beyond leaks is to ensure a strong managing system for the public to access important information. We are at a key moment where the visionaries in the leading position of a global digital age are clashing with those who are desperate to control what we know. WikiLeaks is the guerrilla front in a global movement for greater transparency and participation. It used to be that a leader controlled citizens by controlling information. Now it' s harder than ever for the powerful to control what people read, see and hear. Technology gives people the ability to band together and challenge authority. The powerful have long spied on citizens as a means of control, now citizens are turning their collected eyes back upon the powerful. This is a revolution, and all revolutions create fear and uncertainty. Will we move to a New Information Enlightenment or will the strong resistance from those who seek to maintain control no matter the cost lead us to a new totalitarianism? What happens in the next five years will define the future of democracy for the next century, so it would be well if our leaders responded to the current challenge with an eye on the future.
单选题 The story about leak from WikiLeaks suggests that digital data is
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】解析:细节题。第一段第二至四句叙述维基解密事件,第五句总结指出,数字信息不尊重任何权 威,即其对权威免疫,B选项符合文意。A偷换概念,第一段首句指出信息习惯于传播,而不是泄 露;维基解密事件只是个别事件,并不是普遍现象。第二段第二句表明,数字化使得信息便于积 累,C选项和文意相悖。第二段最后两句指出过去人们为了揭露和散布信息花钱,而现在为了阻 止数字信息泄露而花钱,只是为了对比说明现在数字信息传播之快,无法由此推知现在揭露数 字信息是免费的,排除D选项。
单选题 Politicians care much about the leak from WikiLeaks mainly because
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】解析:细节题。第三段前三句表明,以往政治家们对公众信息泄露并不很在意,而维基解密事件 引发的反应则完全不同(政治家们对此十分在意)。末句指出政治家们在意的原因:维基解密泄 露事件表明,“个人上传文件并把它呈现给全世界”的做法可以改变权力动态,即,会影响到权力 的改变,C选项正确。A、B选项利用文中个别词汇digital isation,privacy捏造干扰,从文中无法 推知。由第四段内容可知,维基解密事件表明技术可以打破社会障碍,显然,对政治家来说,它带 来的是危机,而不是机会,D选项与文意不符。
单选题 The author' s method to overcome leaks indicates that
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】解析:推断题。作者在第五段末句提出克服泄密的方法,确保一个便于公众获得重要信息的强 劲的管理体制,即与其狼狈地对信息进行封堵,不如提倡一个便于获取信息的平台,并对其进 行有力管理,进而引导公众态度,故B正确。作者并没指出克服泄密应该从哪一个具体环节人 手,A项无中生有。C项反向干扰:作者提倡的是信息公开,而非封闭信息(forbidden)。D项 作者并未表达“早就应该预防泄密事件的发生”之意,“迟做”无从谈起。
单选题 In a global digital age, citizens are clashing with politicians on
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】解析:细节题。第六段前两句表明,维基解密事件只是数字时代的公民与政治家们之间斗争的 序曲。该段第三句至末句详细说明他们的斗争内容:以往当权者通过控制信息来控制公民;而数 字时代技术手段赋予公民控制信息的能力,公民利用这种能力监视当权者。由此可见,公民和政 治家们的冲突在对信息的控制上,A项正确。由上述分析可知,“技术”是公民得以与当权者对抗 的手段,而不是他们对抗的主题,B项错误。C项属捕风捉影,利用文中词汇participation捏造选 项。D项过度引申,第六段第四句只是说,当权者对媒体内容的控制出现困难,无法由此推出公民 与政治家在媒体内容的监管上发生冲突。
单选题 According to the last paragraph, "enlightenment" to "totalitarianism" can be described as
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】解析:细节题。末段第二句提出疑问:我们会进入一次新的信息enlightenment,还是来自那些试 图维持控制者们不惜代价的强烈抵制会把我们引领至新的totalitarianism?第四句进一步指出, 未来的民主究竟如何将会在未来五年里逐步明朗。由此可推知,totalitarianism指少数人控制信息, enlightenment指信息公开化、民主化,B项符合文意。其他项是利用原文词汇fear,uncertainty, respond to…challenge,no matter the cost捏造的干扰。