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Tourism continues to surge as a world economic force, contributing nearly $5.5 trillion to the world"s economy in 2004. A growing trend in travel is the desire of many tourists 1 non-typical tourist experiences, such as "ethical" adventures.
Ecotourism, geotourism, and pro-poor tourism are 2 the increasingly popular niches in the travel industry that aim to address consumers" ethical concerns, reports the Worldwatch Institute. Which hotel more actively 3 the environment? Which 4 better support of its local community? Such questions may be more important to vacationers than a hotel"s proximity to the beach 5 the type of mint left on the pillow.
One 6 driving this conscientious tourism is the growth of international travel, which exposes visitors 7 the impacts they may have on the cultures and environments they 8 . International tourism 9 by 10% in 2004, and the 10 of international tourist arrivals will reach more than 1.5 billion by 2020, predicts the World Tourism Organization.
Low-cost air travel is 11 to this increased international travel, 12 one result is more air pollution and 13 environmental costs that are not factored into the price of tourism. Now, environmentally conscious travelers can choose an airline that offsets its "carbon emissions 14 purchasing credits for the amount of miles they fly, Worldwatch reports. The traveler 15 more for the flight, but is assured that the 16 money is invested in green technologies, reforestation projects, or other efforts to counter the emissions 17 by that flight.
Eagerness to attract the ethical dollar may 18 to unethical marketing practices, raising the specter of "greenwashing." "The increasing market demand for responsible tourism has led many businesses to 19 names suggesting they are environmentally responsible," warns Worldwatch researcher Zoe Chafe in Vital Signs 2005. "While some are indeed examples of true ecotourism, many 20 are not. They may make superficial changes to their operations, encourage guests to reuse towels (a move that saves water, but that is often motivated by a desire to cut costs), or actually do nothing to improve their operations."