单选题
From childhood to old age, we all use language as a means of broadening our knowledge of ourselves and the world about us. When humans first (26) , they were like newborn children, unable to use this (27) tool. Yet once language developed, the possibilities for mankind's future (28) and cultural growth increased. Many linguists believe that evolution is (29) for our ability to produce and use language. They (30) that our highly evolved brain provides us (31) an innate language ability not found in lower (32) . Proponents of this innateness theory say that our (33) for language is inborn, but that language itself develops gradually, (34) a function of the growth of the brain during childhood. Therefore there are critical (35) times for language development. Current (36) of innateness theory are mixed; however, evidence supporting the existence of some innate abilities is undeniable. (37) , more and more schools are discovering that foreign languages are best taught in (38) grades. Young children often can learn several languages by being (39) to them, while adults have a much harder time learning another language once the (40) of their first language have become firmly fixed. (41) some aspects of language are undeniably innate, language does not develop automatically in a vacuum. Children who have been (42) from other human beings do not possess language. This demonstrates that (43) with other human beings is necessary for proper language development. Some linguists believe that this is even more basic to human language (44) than any innate capacities. These theorists view language as imitative, learned behavior. (45) , children learn language from their parents by imitating them. Parents gradually shape their child's language skills by positively reinforcing precise imitations and negatively reinforcing imprecise ones.
【答案解析】[解析] 本题考查固定搭配。此处意为:“许多语言学家认为进化使人们产生和具备了语言的能力。”固定短语be responsible for“对……负责,是……的原由”。其他选项不与for搭配。所以答案为D。[知识拓展]“对某事负责”:be responsible for something,而“对某人负责”:be responsible to somebody。接人或事用的介词不一致,这种现象在译语中比较常见,如be strict with somebody,但be strict in something,be familiar with something意为“熟悉某事”,而be familiar to somebody则意为“为某人熟悉”。
【答案解析】[解析] 本题考查固定搭配。本句中的this和even more basic分别指代上句的interaction with other human beings和necessary,此处所填词对应上文中的language development。也就是说, language acquisition语言习得。appreciation“欣赏,感激”;requirement“要求”;alternative“转移,转变,转换”。所以答案为A。
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】[解析] 本题考查副词。本句功能是以另一种方式解释前文中的imitative,learned behavior (模仿性的后天行为)。In other words“换言之,换句话说”;As a result“结果是”;After all“毕竟”;Above all“首先”。所以答案为C。