阅读理解 Below each of the following four passages you will find questions or incomplete statements about the passage. Each statement or question is followed by lettered words or expressions. Select the word or expression that most satisfactorily completes or answers each question in accordance with the meaning of the passage. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET(40 points).
(1)For common gifts, necessity makes pertinence and beauty every day, and one is glad when an imperative leaves him no option: since if the man at the door has no shoes, you have not to consider whether you could procure him a paint-box. And it is always pleasing to see a man eat bread, or drink water, in the house or out of doors, so it is always a great satisfaction to supply these first wants. Necessity does everything well. In our condition or universal dependence it seem heroic to let the petitioner be the judge of his necessity, and to give all that is asked, though at great inconvenience. If it be a fantastic desire, it is better to leave to others the office of punishing him. I can think of many parts I should prefer playing to that of the Furies(复仇三女神). Next to things of necessity, the rule for a gift, which one of my friends prescribed, is that we might convey to some person that which properly belonged to his character, and was easily associated with him in thought. But our tokens of compliment and love are for the most part barbarous. Rings and other jewels are not gifts, but apologies for gifts. The only gift is a portion of yourself. You must bleed for me. Therefore the poet brings him poem; the shepherd, his lamb; the farmer, corn; the miner, a gem; the sailor, coral and shells; the girl, a handkerchief of her own sewing. This is right and pleasing, for it restores society in so far to the primary basis, when a man's biography is conveyed in his gift, and every man's wealth is an index of his merit. But it is a cold lifeless business when you go to the shops to buy me something which does not represent your life and talent, but a goldsmith's. This is fit for kings, and rich men who represent kings, and a false state of property, to make presents of gold and silver stuffs, as a kind of symbolical sin-offering, or payment of blackmail.

单选题 16.According to the author, what is the best gift to the man at the door who has no shoes?

单选题 17.Among the following behaviors, which may be not treated as being heroic when we are faced with the petitioner?

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】文章第四句指出“…it seem heroic to let the petitioner be the judge of his necessity，to giveall that is asked，though at great inconvenience”，即让请求者决定自己的迫切需求，即便十分不便，也给予请求者要求的所有东西，这似乎是非常英勇的行为。由此可知前三个选项表达意思与之相符。D项“让请求者产生不切实际的渴望”与文章第五句内容相悖。

单选题 18.Does the author agree to play the role of the Furies when someone has an unattainable desire?

单选题 19.The italicized word "apologies" refer to______.

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】文章第七句及以下的内容讲述到除了必需品，赠送礼物的规则是所赠送礼物要与接受礼物者的性格特点一致，并且能与其产生共鸣，因此那些象征着赞美和爱的礼物大多比较粗俗，文中还指出“Rings and other jewels are not gifts，but apologies for gifts”，可见作者认为戒指和其他珠宝并不是礼物，而是礼物的反面例子。因此C项是对“apolo—gies”的正确解释。