英译汉 Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. Under normal conditions the act of communication requires the presence of at least two persons: one who sends and one who receives the communication. In order to communicate thoughts and feelings, there must be a conventional system of signs or symbols which mean the same to the sender and the receiver. The means of sending communications are too numerous and varied for systematic classification; therefore, the analysis must begin with the means of receiving communication. Reception of communication is achieved by our senses. Sight, hearing, and touch play the most important roles. Smell and taste play very limited roles, for they cannot receive intellectual expression from fully developed systems of signs and symbols. Examples of visual communication are gesture and mimicry. Although both frequently accompany speech, there are systems that rely solely on sight, such as those used by deaf and dumb persons. Another means of communicating visually is by signals of fire, smoke, flags, or flashing lights. Feelings may be simply communicated by touch such as by handshaking or backslapping, although a highly developed system of handstroking has enabled blind, deaf, and dumb persons to communicate intelligently. Whistling to someone, applauding in a theater and other forms of communication by sound rely upon the ear as a receiver. The most fully developed form of auditory communication is, of course, the spoken language. The means of communication mentioned so far have two features in common: they last only a short time, and the persons involved must be relatively close to each other. Therefore, all are restricted in time and space. 1.The author explains that he will deal with reception of communication first because （ ）. A、communication actually takes place when the message is received B、there are more means of receiving than of sending communication C、reception of communication involves use of the senses D、it is difficult to organize by type the means of sending communication 2.Applauding is specifically mentioned as an example of （ ）. A、communication by sound B、gesture and mimicry C、communication by touch D、a simple system of visual communication 3.Persons who cannot see, hear, or speak are able to communicate through a system of （ ）. A、gesturing B、handshaking C、backslapping D、handstroking 4.A form of visual communication often used with a type of auditory communication is （ ）. A、gesturing B、handshaking C、backslapping D、handstroking 5.The author specifically mentions that speech is （ ）. A、often used when communicating by touch B、necessary for satisfactory communication by gesture C、the only highly developed system of communication D、the most developed form of communication based on hearing