语法与词汇

There are still serious constitutional impediments to the prosecution of senior officials. That is why no politician has ever been convicted of corruption.

【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】

本题考查词义辨析。正确选项D意为 “ 障碍” ,选项A 意为 “ 限制” ,选项B意为 “ 禁忌” ,选项C意为 “ 不平衡;不公平” 。原句中impediments意为 “ 妨碍;阻碍;障 碍 ” 。本题题干中的很多词,如constitutional, prosecution,be convicted of 指向了法律,senior officials,politicians,corruption指向了政治,整体逻辑为“政府官员” “ 贪腐” ,但法律未能惩罚(no...convicted),原因是“宪法的.......”。
[参考译文]起诉高级官员宪法通不过,所以没有一个政治家被判犯有腐败罪。
[词汇拓展] ① convict常用作被动语态,搭配:be convicted of sth.。 e.g. He was convicted of fraud.他被判犯有诈骗罪。
② impediment常常暗示着延缓或者阻碍了某些事情的进步,后面常接to。 e.g. The level of inflation is a serious impediment to economic recovery.通货膨胀是影响经济复苏的严重障碍。  
③ restriction 后常用 on sth.或者of sth.。 e.g. The government has agreed to lift restrictions on press freedom.政府已经同意撤销对新 闻自由的限制。
④ taboo表示 “ 禁忌,忌讳,戒律”,后面可加against/on sth.。这种禁忌是从文化或宗教习俗上谈的。 e.g. a taboo on working on a Sunday 禁止星期日工作的习俗,to break/violate a taboo 触犯禁忌
⑤obstacle 作 “ 障碍” 讲时,后常用to sth./to doing sth.,同义词为hindrance。 e.g. A lack of qualifications can be a major obstacle to finding a job.学历不足可能成为谋职 的主要障碍。