Retrofitting houses to use less energy should be a no-brainer for homeowners.【C1】______time, money spent on ways to reduce heat loss from draughty houses should produce a【C2】______return in lower fuel bills. In practice, many are cautious. Some improvements, such as solid-wall insulation and solar panels, can take over 25 years to【C3】______their initial cost. Few owners are willing to wait that long; by then many are likely to have【C4】______and moved on. Several governments have started finance schemes designed to【C5】______this problem. Since 2008 PACE programmes have offered American homeowners loans to【C6】______improvements, repaid through higher local taxes on the property,【C7】______it belongs to. In Britain, the Green Deal offers loans over a 25-year period, with repayments added to energy bills. Countries including France and Canada have similar【C8】______. In theory, these schemes should boost investment in common energy-saving measures, such as extra insulation and new boilers,【C9】______the first owner does not have to pay all the costs in advance. But enrolment rates have【C10】______, according to Sean Kidney at the Climate Bonds Initiative, a think-tank. In Britain, just 1% of those assessed for the Green Deal have signed up. In Berkeley, California , home of the first PACE scheme, the【C11】______rate is similarly low. Homeowners are【C12】______chiefly because the interest rates on the loans look high. The Green Deal charges 7%; some PACE schemes a hefty 8%. As these rates are fixed for decades, they will【C13】______look unattractive when (as now) short-term interest rates are low. Many people also【C14】______they will save enough on their energy bills to cover the repayments. For instance,【C15】______in Britain that installing loft insulation can cut energy bills by 20% have been dented by a government study that found it【C16】______gas consumption by only 1.7% on average. Others fear that green loans may reduce the value of their home. In America, firms that underwrite mortgages are【C17】______PACE loans. Green loans have not been a failure everywhere. Around 250,000 households in Germany【C18】______for them each year. They do so【C19】______they need pay only 1% interest on them each year, thanks to an annual public subsidy of 1.5 billion. Whether that is a (an)【C20】______use of taxpayers' money is another question.
【答案解析】解析:动词辨析题。该句大意为“像换上绝缘墙、太阳能电池板这样的翻新措施往往要花上超过25年的时间才能______成本”。首先,[A]estimate估计和[C]evaluate估价意思接近,可以排除;其次[B]spend花费(费用/成本)代入句中不合语义;故考虑[D]cover。cover the cost表示“支付费用,涵盖成本”,上文说“一些房屋翻新措施可以节约燃料费用”;该句说“一些措施需要25年才能“覆盖/收回成本”,根据上下文语义,[D]项正确。
【答案解析】解析:上文schemes designed to“计划旨在……”是重要提示,一项计划自然是为了“解决问题”,故该题容易排除[A]raise提高和[B]arouse引起。而[C]deal表示“处理”,一般是不及物动词,用作deal with;[D]address同样有“处理,解决”的意思,并且可以作及物动词,故本题选[D]。
单选题
【C6】
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】解析:词汇辨析题。[A]finance为……提供资金;[B]make做出;[C]support支持;[D]expend花费。上文loan“贷款”一词为提示词,贷款自然是为了“资助,提供资金”,故finance一词正确,且上文提到Several governments have started finance schemes…,该句也出现finance一词,该词属于原词复现。故[A]正确。[C]选项support improvements虽然在搭配上也说得通,但不侧重于资金支持。
【答案解析】解析:形容词辨析题。[A]unhappy不高兴的;[B]unimpressed不感兴趣的;[C]unsurprised不惊讶的;[D]unsustainable不持续的。原文说:Homeowners are 12 chiefly because the interest rates on the loans look high.“房主对这些方案______的主要原因是看似颇高的贷款利率。”根据语义及上文内容判断,[B]选项最合适。而下文they…look unattractive中,unattractive“不吸引人的”与unimpressed属于同义复现。综上,该题答案为[B]。
单选题
【C13】
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】解析:副词辨析题。选项[B]extremely和[D]remarkably都有“非常,极其”之意,可以排除。[A]indefinitely“不确定地”和[C]inevitably“不可避免地”两项与文章形成更好衔接的是[C];they will inevitably look unattractive可以理解为“它们难免看起来毫无吸引力”。故[C]为答案。
【答案解析】解析:词汇辨析题。[A]proofs证据;[B]reasons理由;[C]theses论文,论点;[D]claims宣称。原文说: 15 in Britain that installing loft insulation can cut energy bills by 20% have been dented by a government study…其中,that…by 20%一句为同位语从句,其主语为动名词短语installing loft insulation;谓语为cut;宾语为energy bills;空格为该句的先行词。该句意为“在英国,有人______,安装阁楼保温材料能砍掉20%的能源费用,但一项政府研究回击了这一______。”显然installing loft insulation can cut energy bills by 20%是一种“宣称,断言,观点”,[A][B]两项比较容易排除。选项[C]则强调论文的论点,故[D]项符合语境。
单选题
【C16】
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】解析:词汇辨析题。[A]reduced减少;[B]produced产生;[C]increased增加;[D]declined下降。该空的 16 gas consumption与上文cut energy bills是同义替换关系,cut表示“减少”,故该题填入reduced,属于同义复现:此外,下文也明确提到reduce一词,又与下文形成原词复现。而[D]虽然也有“下降”的意思,但该词表示的“下降”为不及物动词,后面不接宾语。综上,本题选择[A]。
【答案解析】解析:词组辨析题。[A]arm with武装;[B]sign up注册,签约;[C]write out写出;[D]call on号召。上文出现过这么一句:In Britain,just 1% of those assessed for the Green Dealhave signed up.该句说:Around 250,000 households in Germany 18 for them each year.显然sign up一词为原词复现。且选项中能与for形成搭配的只有sign up一项,sign up for表示“注册,报名参加”,故本题选择[B]。
单选题
【C19】
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】解析:逻辑关系题。该句说:They do so 19 …“他们这么做______……”显然符合逻辑的词为because,代入原文意为“他们这么做是因为……”。故本题选择[A]。
单选题
【C20】
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】解析:形容词辨析题。[A]proficient熟练的;[B]sufficient充足的;[C]deficient缺乏的,不足的;[D]efficient高效的,有效率的。本题关键为 20 use of taxpayers’money“______利用纳税人的钱”。显然“熟练利用”“充足利用”和“缺乏利用”这样的搭配都不符合逻辑与习惯,efficient use“高效/有效利用”才是正确搭配。故本题选[D]。