单选题 If Europeans thought a drought was something that happened only in Africa, they know better now. After four years of below normal rainfall (in some cases only 10 percent of the annual average), vast areas of France, Spain, Portugal, Belgium, Britain and Ireland are dry and barren. Water is so low in the canals of northern France that waterway traffic is forbidden except on weekends. Oyster growers in Brittany report a 30 percent drop in production because of the loss of fresh water in local rivers necessary for oyster breeding. In southeastern England, the rolling green hills of Kent have turned so brown that officials have been weighing plans to pipe in water from Wales. In Portugal, farmers in the southern Alentejo region have held prayer meetings for rain—so far, in vain.
Governments in drought plagued countries are taking drastic measures. Authorities in hard hit areas of France have banned washing cars and watering lawns. In Britain, water will soon be metered, like gas and electricity. "The English have always taken water for granted," says Graham Warren, a spokesman of Britain"s National Rivers Authority. "Now they"re putting a price on it." Even a sudden end to the drought would not end the misery in some areas. It will take several years of unusually heavy winter rain, the experts say, just to bring existing water reserves up to their normal levels.
单选题 What does the author mean by saying "they know better now"?
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】本题是一道句子含义类问题。问作者说they know better now这句话的意思是什么。原文第一句指出,如果欧洲人认为干旱仅是发生在非洲的事,他们现在该更明白点了(该醒悟了)。紧接着,第一段从欧洲几个国家缺水这一现实,说明了干旱也正威胁着欧洲。因此,本题的正确答案应是D“他们已经意识到干旱不仅侵袭非洲而且也已经开始侵袭欧洲了”。
单选题 The drought in Europe has brought about all the following problems EXCEPT ______.
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】本题是一道判断是非题。问欧洲的干旱没有带来什么。利用查阅式阅读法,我们可以从文章第二句中找到相关信息。这句话指出,低降雨量是导致干旱的原因,而不是结果——连续4年低于正常水平的降雨量(有些地区降雨量只有以往年平均降雨量的1/10)之后,法国、西班牙、葡萄牙、比利时、英国和爱尔兰的大片地区变得干燥而荒芜。因此,本题的正确答案应是A“低于正常水平的降雨量”。
B“航行困难”。第三旬指出,法国北部的运河水位低得除周末以外不得不禁航。
C“牡蛎产量锐减”。第四句指出,布列塔尼牡蛎的产量下降了30%。因为当地河流中缺乏牡蛎生长必需的淡水。
D“干枯的山脊”。第五句指出,在英格兰东南部,肯特郡蜿蜒起伏的绿山已干得枯黄,官员们正在考虑从威尔士调水。
因此,B、C和D都是欧洲发生干旱带来的后果。所以,这三个选项均是错误的。
单选题 The British government intends to ______.
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】本题是一道具体细节题。问英国政府试图做什么。利用查阅式阅读法,我们发现文章第二段第三句指出,在英国,像煤气和电一样,用水马上就要装水表了。这一句话的意思在下一句华伦的话中得到了解释:“英国人总不把水当成一回事,现在他们也对水定价收费了。”因此,本题的正确答案应是D“收水费”。
A“禁止洗车业务”。文章第二段第二句指出这是法国某些旱灾严重的地区所做的事情。
B“提高水价”;C“结束因干旱造成的痛苦”;这两个选择项也是错误的。
单选题 Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】本题是一道判断是非题。问按照文章所说的内容,哪个选项是正确的。针对四个选项内容,利用查阅式阅读法,结合原文相关信息,我们可以在文章最后两句中找到与本题的正确答案相关的内容。这两句话指出,即使干旱突然停下来,某些地区也不会结束苦难,因为,需要连续下几年特别大的冬雨,才能将目前的储水量恢复到正常水位。可见,几年来,储水量已经降到多年来最低水位了。因此,本题的正确答案应是B。
单选题 Which of the following is the most appropriate title for the passage?
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】本题问本文的最佳标题是什么。利用浏览式阅读法通读全文内容,我们可以总结归纳出本文主要是围绕着欧洲的干旱问题来展开的。因此,本题的正确答案应是B“干旱侵扰欧洲”。回答此题尤其要关注全文的第一句和最后两句话的内容。