阅读理解   Barring an extraordinary change in investor behavior in the largest emerging economies, the role of equities in the global financial system will likely be reduced in the coming decade. That's the central finding of a new report from the McKinsey Global Institute (MGI). As emerging-market households attain a level of income that enables them to purchase financial assets, they are becoming a powerful new investor class, whose choices will help determine global demand for different asset classes. The actions of these new investors will, in turn, shape how businesses obtain the capital they need to grow, how other investors around the world fare, and how stable and resilient economies will be.
    The MGI study found that financial assets held by investors in developing nations have been growing at more than three times the rate of assets in developed nations, raising their share of global financial wealth from 7 percent to 21 percent over the past decade, or about $ 41.3 trillion. By the end of the current decade, investors in developing economies will hold as much as 36 percent of global financial wealth, or between $114 trillion and $141 trillion.
    Emerging-market investors currently behave differently than those in mature economies. Investors in Europe, the United States, and wealthier parts of Asia, hold 30 to 40 percent or more of their financial assets in equities, but the new investors of the emerging economies keep three-quarters of theirs in deposit accounts. While the use of equities in developing economies to finance growth and build savings is increasing, this evolution is taking place slowly. The likely result: a shift in the global allocation of financial assets toward deposits and fixed-income instruments and away from equities in this decade. This shift is being exacerbated by aging and other trends in the developed world that are dampening investor appetite for equities. As a result, equities could decline from 28 percent of global financial assets in 2010 to 22 percent in 2020.
    What's behind the slow adoption of equity investing in developing markets? For an equity-investing culture to take root, there must be trusted, transparent markets with strong protections for small investors, as well as the institutions and systems to provide easy market access. Rules and regulations may be in place in emerging markets today, but enforcement is often unreliable. When the correct conditions are in place, investors are likely to gravitate to equities for higher returns.
    In the meantime, even though total investor demand for equities will grow over the next decade, it will fall short of what corporations need by $12. 3 trillion. This imbalance between the supply and demand for equity will be most pronounced in emerging economies, where companies need significant external financing for growth.
单选题     Equities may become less influential unless ______.
 
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】事实细节题。文章第一段开头指出,除非来自全球最大新兴经济体的投资者有巨大改变,否则在未来十年内,股票对全球金融体系的影响力有可能被削弱,据此可知C选项为正确答案。
单选题     What the new investors decide to do will ______.
 
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】事实细节题。根据“new investors”和“decide”定位到文章第一段。该段指出,其选择将有助于确定全球对不同资产阶层的需求。这些新投资者的行动转而又将塑造企业获取发展资金的方式、全球其他投资者的经营状况,以及世界经济未来的稳定性和适应性。题目问到的是新投资者的决定(decide),对应文中的选择(choice),所以正确答案为D选项。A、B、C项均在文中有所提及,但都是投资者的行动(actions)可能带来的结果,故排除。
单选题     Which of the following is true of emerging-market investors? ______
 
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】推理判断题。文章指出,在过去的十年里,他们在全球金融财富中所占的比例从7%上升到21%,据此可知A选项正确。文章指出,新兴经济体的投资新贵们则将他们3/4的金融资产放进储蓄账户,但是并没有说他们金融资产的1/4是股票,因此B选项错误。文章还指出,尽管在发展的经济体中,通过股票来供给发展资金和积累储蓄的趋势有所增加,但是进展缓慢,据此可知C选项错误。文章第三段还指出,在这个十年,金融资产在全球范围内的分配发生转变,偏离股票,而朝着储蓄和固定收益类投资工具倾斜。据此可知D选项也是错误的。
单选题     Which of the following is NOT a 'correct condition' for a mature equity culture? ______
 
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】事实细节题。根据“correct condition”定位到文章第四段。文章第四段指出,股票投资文化要能够扎根必须具备以下条件:必须要有可信、透明的市场,以对小投资者采取强有力的保护措施,以及能提供便捷的市场通道的机构和体制。新兴市场如今也许已经有了规章制度,但是执行力度通常靠不住。当条件成熟后,投资者将有可能倾向于投入股市,以获取更高回报。据此可知A、B、C均为“正确的条件”,D选项不属于“正确的条件”,故D选项为正确答案。
单选题     Which of the following is the best title for the text? ______
 
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】主旨大意题。文章第一段指出新兴市场家庭的影响力。第二段指出,发展中国家投资者所持有的金融资产的增长速度超过发达国家的三倍。第三段指出,新兴经济体投资者的行为不同于成熟经济体投资者。第四段指出,新兴市场的投资者对股票投资不热心背后的原因。最后一段指出,这种股票供需的失衡现象在新兴经济体中将最为明显。据此可知,文章并非在谈论投资股票以增长财富、投资者的不同行为或股票,文章谈论的主体是新兴投资者,因此A选项为正确答案。