【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】[听力原文] 23-30
Woman: Today we have the honour to invite Sam Walton, the founder of Wal-Mart, to our programme. Welcome, Sam.
Man: Thank you.
Woman: Sam, many people admire your success, and they care more about your growing up. What made you so successful?
Man: In fact, I grew up poor in a farm community in rural Missouri during the Great Depression. The poverty I experienced while growing up taught me the value of money and perseverance. After attending the University of Missouri, I immediately worked for J. C. Penny where I got my first taste of retailing. Then I served in World War II, after which I became a franchiser of Ben Franklin five-and-dime stores. In 1962, I got the idea of opening bigger stores through sticking to rural areas, keeping costs low and discounting heavily. That was my concept running stores. I pursued it and founded Wal-Mart.
Woman: Today. Wal-Mart is the world's No.1 retailer, with more than 4,150 stores, including discount stores, grocery stores, and membership-only warehouse stores. What is your winning formula for business?
Man: I have several rules. The first is "commit to your business". I think I overcame every single one of my personal shortcomings by the sheer passion I brought to my work. I don't know if you're born with this kind of passion, or if you can learn it. But I do know you need it.
Woman: I agree. If you love your work, you'll be out there every day trying to do it the best you possibly can, and pretty soon everybody a round will catch the passion from you. How about the second rule?
Man: Share your profits with all your associates, and treat them as partners. In turn, they will treat you as a partner, and together you will all perform beyond your wildest expectations. Remain a corporation and retain control if you like, but behave as a servant leader in your partnership. Encourage your associates to hold a stake in the company. Offer discounted stock, and grant them stock for their retirement. It's the single good thing we ever did.
Woman: I see. You are so kind to your partners and cooperate with them very well. How do you motivate them to work as hard as you do?
Man: Money and ownership alone aren't enough. Constantly, day by day, think of new and more interesting ways to motivate and challenge your partners. Set high goals, encourage competition, and then keep scores. Make bets with outrageous payoffs. If things get stale, have managers switch jobs with one another to stay challenged.
Woman: That is to say you keep everybody guessing what your next trick is going to be. Don't become too predictable.
Man: What's more, communicate everything you possibly can to your partners. The more they know, the more they'll understand. The more they understand, the more they'll care. Once they care, there's no stopping them. If you don't trust your associates to know what's going on, they'll know you don't really consider them partners.
Woman: Do you always reward your partners?
Man: Yes, of course. I give them both material and spiritual reward. A paycheck and stocks will buy one kind of loyalty. But all of us like to be told how much somebody appreciates what we do for them. We like to hear it often, and especially when we have done something we're really proud of. Nothing
else can quite substitute for a few well-chosen, well-timed, sincere words of praise. They're absolutely free and worth a fortune.
Woman: What other rules of success do you want to share with us?
Man: Well, the third rule, listen to everyone in your company and figure out ways to get them talking. The folks on the front lines are the only ones who really know what's going on out there. You'd better find out what they know.
Woman: To be a good boss, you'd better be a good listener.
Man: Right, to push responsibility down in your organisation, and to force good ideas to bubble up within it, you must listen to what your associates are trying to tell you.
Woman: I hear you always control your expenses better than your competitors. Is it true?
Man: Yes, this is where we can always find the competitive advantage. For twenty-five years running long before Wal-Mart was known as the nation's largest retailer, we've ranked No.1 in our industry for the lowest ratio of expenses to sales. You can make a lot of different mistakes and still recover if you run an efficient operation. Or you can be brilliant and still go out of business if you're too inefficient.
Woman: We really benefit a lot from your rules. Thank you very much for talking to us, and now let's…

[要点] 考查对信息细节的理解能力。Sam提到“I grew up poor in a farm community in rural Missouri during the Great Depression.”即：他成长的年代正是经济大萧条时期。
[注意] 考生要明白Great Depression就是Economic crisis，而B项的Financial boom是经济繁荣，本题是在测试考生的词汇。

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[要点] 考查干扰信息的排除。Sam提到“In 1962, I got the idea of opening bigger stores through sticking to rural areas, keeping costs low and discounting heavily. That was my concept running stores”. Sam的经营理念是把商店开在乡村，保持低成本，给顾客更多折扣，而B项是把商店开在市中心，不是Sam的经营理念，故为正确答案。
[注意] 本题考查的是哪一项不是Sam的经营理念，考生要注意看题。

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】[要点] 考查语篇整体的把握。题干要求考生找到Sam认为把生意经营好首先要做到的是什么。录音中Sam提到“The first is 'commit to your business'. I think I overcame every single one of my personal shortcomings by the sheer passion I brought to my work.”所以Sam强调的是work with passion，即C项。
[注意] 题干中已经给出了一些关键词，我们可以基于这些关键词去有意识地关注相关的信息，这样按图索骥，题目比较容易答对。

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[要点] 考查干扰信息的排除。Sam提到“Share you r profits with all your associates, and treat them as partners…. Encourage your associates to hold a stake in the company. Offer discounted stock, and grant them stock for their retirement.”这些说明当员工成为股东时，他们会工作得更好，即B项。
[注意] A、C项都是干扰项。A项是说平等对待员工，C项是说给员工好福利，看似正确，但是不符合Sam所说的。

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[要点] 考查语篇整体的把握。题干中的关键词是encourage managers to work better，需要考生认真听与此相关的信息。考生在听音之前也可以分析一下三个选项，做到心中有数。关键句是“If things get stale, have managers switch jobs with one another to stay challenged.”听明白这句话，就能选出A项。
[注意] B项容易和A项混淆。B项说的是给他们压力，没有A项具体。

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[要点] 考查语篇整体的把握。题干中关键词是abetter way to reward partners。Sam提到“Nothing else can quite substitute for a few well-chosen, well-timed, sincere words of praise. They're absolutely free and worth a fortune.”这说明赞赏员工的工作是对他们更好的回报，即A项。
[注意] 涉及到给员工更好的回报时，Sam首先提到“I give them both material and spiritual reward. A paycheck and stocks will buy one kind of loyalty.”听到这里，考生可能会选B项或C项，只有听完下文才能判断出说话者的真实意图并不在此。

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[要点] 考查干扰信息的排除。题目考查的是怎样才能清楚地了解生意的经营情况。录音中提到“… listen to everyone in your company and figure out ways to get them talking. The folks on the front lines are the only ones who really know what's going on out there…you must listen to what your associates are trying to tell you.”可见，倾听员工的心声是关键，即B项。
[注意] A项说经常去销售一线，这不是关键信息，C项说和顾客交谈，这是混淆选项。

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】[要点] 考查信息细节的理解。题目考查沃尔玛长期以来的优势在于什么。录音中女士问道：“I hear you always control your expenses better than your competitors. Is it true? Sam答道：“Yes, this is where we can always find the competitive advantage.”即C项。
[注意] 观察题目内容和对话可以发现，基本上题目都是按照对话进行的自然顺序设计的，即：前面的题目一般出题点都在对话的前半部分，后面的题目则来源于对话的后半部分，在这里提醒考生注意这个规律。