单选题 What is this talk mainly about?

a. The scientific development in 17th century Britain and its historical significance.
b. The scientific discoveries made in 17th century Britain.
c. The difference between two models of scientific activities in 17th century Britain, i.e. between the "group" model and the individual model.
d. The impact on industrialization by scientific discoveries around 17th century in Britain.

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[解析] 21-25 Modern science began when mathematical models replaced abstract ideas as ways of explaining how the world works, and how we might harness nature to enhance human power over it. In Britain, scientific development reached its peak in the 17th century, during the period known as the "scientific revolution". By 1700 there were scientific institutions across Britain, and a commitment to science as the firm basis for success in commerce and industry. Britain's rapid industrialization over the next century, and its domination of world trade, confirmed the importance of science in driving the economy. 17th-century advances in microscopy, medicine, chemistry and biology and the development of precision instruments placed Britain in the forefront of specialist equipment-making. This kind of mass-produced new technology looked set to make the fortune of the inventor and patent-holder, and as a result, the smooth collaboration amongst members of the Royal Society was regularly marred by ugly priority and patent disputes. These indicate the growing tension between the "roup" model of science and the individual model. With the inevitable increasing professionalism of science, the success of the activities of the gentlemen amateurs who had founded the Royal Society looked increasingly irrelevant. However, the patterns of group activity, documenting and corroborating experimental results, and public dissemination of outcomes set lastingly important standards for scientific practice. In the long run, these standard protocols and procedures may turn out to have left a more lasting legacy than "iscoveries" made by individual scientist-members.

单选题 What does the speak say about British people's attitude toward scientific activities in 17th century?

a. British people generally did not attach much importance to scientific research.
b. British people generally thought that scientific work had little to do with business success.
c. British people generally believed that scientific discoveries were the basis of business Success.
d. British people generally did not like scientific research as it was always boring.

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】

单选题 What docs the speaker say about the collaboration amongst members of the Royal Society?

a. There is a smooth collaboration amongst members of the Royal Society.
b. The collaboration amongst members of the Royal Society is often jeopardized by priority and patent issues.
c. There is no collaboration amongst members of the Royal Society at all.
d. There was a close and smooth collaboration amongst members of the Royal Society on priority and patent issues.

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】

单选题 What is the speaker's opinion toward the group model of scientific activities?

a. In some sense the contribution made by the group model is even more lasting than that made by the individual model.
b. The "group model" onsisted of nonprofessionals and made little contribution to scientific development.
c. The "group model" conducted just as many scientific experiments as the individual model.
d. The "group model" made many standards to restrict the scientific practice of the individual model.