听力原文：
Passage One

Many foreign students are attracted not only to the academic programs at a particular US college but also to the larger community, which affords the chance to soak up the surrounding culture. Few foreign universities put much emphasis on the cozy communal life that characterizes American campuses from clubs and sports teams to student publications and drama societies. “The campus and the American university have become identical in people's minds，” says Brown University President Vartan Gregorian. “In America，it is assumed that a student's daily life is as important as his learning experience.” Foreign students also come in search of choices. America's menu of options research universities，state institutions，private liberal-arts schools， community colleges, religious institutions, military academies—is unrivaled. “In Europe ， ” says history professor Jonathan Steinberg, who has taught at both Harvard and Cambridge, “there is one system，and that is it.” While students overseas usually must demonstrate expertise in a specific field, whether law or philosophy or chemistry, most American universities insist that students sample natural and social sciences, languages and literature before choosing a field of concentration. Such opposing philosophies grow out of different traditions and power structures. In Europe and Japan，universities are answerable only to a Ministry of Education, which sets academic standards and distributes money. While centralization ensures that all students are equipped with roughly the same resources and perform at roughly the same level, it also discourages experimentation. “When they make mistakes，they make big ones，” says Robert Rosenzweig， president of the Association of American Universities. “They set a system in wrong directions，and it's like steering a supertanker.”

Q16：What does the speaker say characterizes American campuses?

事实细节题。短文中提到，美国之外很少有大学重视让人倍感舒适的社区生活， 从各式各样的倶乐部、运动队到学生专刊及戏剧社团，而这样的社区生活也正是美国大学的特征。

听力原文：
Passage One

Many foreign students are attracted not only to the academic programs at a particular US college but also to the larger community, which affords the chance to soak up the surrounding culture. Few foreign universities put much emphasis on the cozy communal life that characterizes American campuses from clubs and sports teams to student publications and drama societies. “The campus and the American university have become identical in people's minds，” says Brown University President Vartan Gregorian. “In America，it is assumed that a student's daily life is as important as his learning experience.” Foreign students also come in search of choices. America's menu of options research universities，state institutions，private liberal-arts schools， community colleges, religious institutions, military academies—is unrivaled. “In Europe ， ” says history professor Jonathan Steinberg, who has taught at both Harvard and Cambridge, “there is one system，and that is it.” While students overseas usually must demonstrate expertise in a specific field, whether law or philosophy or chemistry, most American universities insist that students sample natural and social sciences, languages and literature before choosing a field of concentration. Such opposing philosophies grow out of different traditions and power structures. In Europe and Japan，universities are answerable only to a Ministry of Education, which sets academic standards and distributes money. While centralization ensures that all students are equipped with roughly the same resources and perform at roughly the same level, it also discourages experimentation. “When they make mistakes，they make big ones，” says Robert Rosenzweig， president of the Association of American Universities. “They set a system in wrong directions，and it's like steering a supertanker.”

Q17：What does Brown University President Vartan Gregorian say about students' daily life?

事实细节题。布朗大学校长非常明确地指出，在美国人的观念中，一般认为学生的日常生活与学习体验同等重要。

听力原文：
Passage One

Many foreign students are attracted not only to the academic programs at a particular US college but also to the larger community, which affords the chance to soak up the surrounding culture. Few foreign universities put much emphasis on the cozy communal life that characterizes American campuses from clubs and sports teams to student publications and drama societies. “The campus and the American university have become identical in people's minds，” says Brown University President Vartan Gregorian. “In America，it is assumed that a student's daily life is as important as his learning experience.” Foreign students also come in search of choices. America's menu of options research universities，state institutions，private liberal-arts schools， community colleges, religious institutions, military academies—is unrivaled. “In Europe ， ” says history professor Jonathan Steinberg, who has taught at both Harvard and Cambridge, “there is one system，and that is it.” While students overseas usually must demonstrate expertise in a specific field, whether law or philosophy or chemistry, most American universities insist that students sample natural and social sciences, languages and literature before choosing a field of concentration. Such opposing philosophies grow out of different traditions and power structures. In Europe and Japan，universities are answerable only to a Ministry of Education, which sets academic standards and distributes money. While centralization ensures that all students are equipped with roughly the same resources and perform at roughly the same level, it also discourages experimentation. “When they make mistakes，they make big ones，” says Robert Rosenzweig， president of the Association of American Universities. “They set a system in wrong directions，and it's like steering a supertanker.”

Q18：In what way is the United States unrivaled according to the speaker?

细节推断题。短文中提到，在美国，外国学生有着众多的选择，从研究型综合类大学，到州立研究所、私立人文类大学，到社区大学、教会学院以及军事院校，美国大学的种类繁多是世界其他地区所无法比拟的。

听力原文：
Passage One

Many foreign students are attracted not only to the academic programs at a particular US college but also to the larger community, which affords the chance to soak up the surrounding culture. Few foreign universities put much emphasis on the cozy communal life that characterizes American campuses from clubs and sports teams to student publications and drama societies. “The campus and the American university have become identical in people's minds，” says Brown University President Vartan Gregorian. “In America，it is assumed that a student's daily life is as important as his learning experience.” Foreign students also come in search of choices. America's menu of options research universities，state institutions，private liberal-arts schools， community colleges, religious institutions, military academies—is unrivaled. “In Europe ， ” says history professor Jonathan Steinberg, who has taught at both Harvard and Cambridge, “there is one system，and that is it.” While students overseas usually must demonstrate expertise in a specific field, whether law or philosophy or chemistry, most American universities insist that students sample natural and social sciences, languages and literature before choosing a field of concentration. Such opposing philosophies grow out of different traditions and power structures. In Europe and Japan，universities are answerable only to a Ministry of Education, which sets academic standards and distributes money. While centralization ensures that all students are equipped with roughly the same resources and perform at roughly the same level, it also discourages experimentation. “When they make mistakes，they make big ones，” says Robert Rosenzweig， president of the Association of American Universities. “They set a system in wrong directions，and it's like steering a supertanker.”

Q19：What does the speaker say about universities in Europe and Japan?

细节推断题。短文最后提到，欧洲和日本的大学仅需要向本国的教育部负责，选项中的 merely 与短文中的 only 意思相同。