【答案解析】At the age of seventy, I may well say that I have experienced the hardships of life and developed a thorough understanding of worldly affairs. However, sometimes I seem to be clear in the head, while other times I get confused. [解析] 根据原文的结构，译成两个独立句。“古稀”是中国人古代指七十高龄的说法，“世事洞明”见《红楼梦》第五回“游幻境指迷十二钗饮仙醪曲演红楼梦”中的一副对联，原文是“世事洞明皆学问人情练达即文章”，这是曹雪芹对王熙凤的评价。“饱经风霜”一语根据上下文，可采用多种译法，如：
他饱经风霜的脸颊上隐隐泛起了红晕。Something like a blush tried to assert itself in his weather-beaten cheek.
暖暖的春风拂过他饱经风霜的脸。Warm spring winds wafted across his weathered face. He was a tall, thin, care-worn man.他是个瘦高个儿，看上去饱经风霜。
我已是饱经风霜，年老体衰。I am much too battered and old.

【答案解析】When Confucius said: "At seventy I can follow my heart"s desire without transgressing what is right", he must have achieved the supreme enlightenment. [解析] 《论语·为政》子曰：“吾十有五而志于学，三十而立，四十不惑，五十而知天命，六十而耳顺，七十而从心所欲，不逾矩。”意思是说“人到七十终于能做到随心所欲，所作所为都能合于规矩的境界了”。在深刻理解原文的基础上，译文采用了直译。

【答案解析】We ordinary people, living in a utilitarian-oriented society, rush about all day long, vexed by daily necessities like fuel, rice, cooking oil and salt, and tempted by cardinal vices such as wine, women, avarice and pride. What an immense difficulty to follow our hearts" desire in the face of conflicts between pursuits and cares! [解析] 根据语义，译文把汉语句子分割成两个部分；其中第一部分属典型的汉语单层平铺语段扩展式，根据英语的多层(主从形式外显)环扣语段结构特点，译文选取“吾辈凡夫……终日忙忙碌碌，为柴米油盐所困，酒色财气所惑”为句子主干，其余部分通过非谓语动词结构进行空间建构，组成典型的英语“形合句”；“柴米油盐”和“酒色财气”采用直译。

【答案解析】To say that we elderly people should have a free rein does not mean we could follow our bigoted course and presume on our superiority. In plain language, it means that we, after the discovery of our individual way of living, build our own "Realm of Liberty" in the depths of our minds. [解析] 原句包含三个四字成语“从心所欲”、“我行我素”、“倚老卖老”。翻译以意译为主。为避免与以上译文重复，“从心所欲”译成了have a free rein。以上三个词语的翻译还可采用其他方法，如：
从心所欲：obey the dictates of one"s heart
我行我素：play fast; satisfy oneself; complete self-sufficiency
口语化很强的词“说白了”除参考译文提供的翻译之外，还可有其他译法，如：in common parlance, plainly spoken, to speak bluntly等。

【答案解析】The wide sea allows the fish to leap about and vast sky the birds to fly. We are as happy as a lark with such freedom from restraint. [解析] “海阔任鱼跃，天高任鸟飞”出自宋·阮阅《诗话总龟前集》卷三十引《古今诗话》，表达出禅僧自由自在的广阔胸襟。后比喻可以自由行动，或无拘无束地施展才能。译文使用了非人称主语句(impersonal subject sentence)结构，这符合英语的造句习惯。汉语成语“自得其乐”采用意译。该成语还可译成enjoy/amuse oneself, take delight in, be highly diverted with oneself, find gratification in等。

【答案解析】This kind of freedom is both infinite and finite, that is, the infinite "do-as-one-pleases" within the finite space of life. This, I think, is what Confucius meant when he said "one can do as one pleases without breaking the established rules".[解析] 原文第一句尽管没使用衔接词，但是能从上下文中体会到上下句之间暗含一种逻辑关系，译文理解为一种信息附加关系，使用了表示解释、补充的衔接词that is。对具备类似主从关系、体现了一定逻辑关系的分句，应准确分析分句间的关系，增添逻辑衔接词，从而使译文符合英语的特点。