单选题Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s)
for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. In the United States, the first day nursery was opened in 1854.
Nurseries were established in various areas during the {{U}} {{U}}
1 {{/U}} {{/U}}half of the 19th century; most of {{U}} {{U}}
2 {{/U}} {{/U}}were charitable. Both in Europe and in the U.S., the day
nursery movement received great {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}}
{{/U}}during the First World War, when {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}}
{{/U}}of manpower caused the industrial employment of unprecedented numbers of
women. In some European countries nurseries were established {{U}} {{U}}
5 {{/U}} {{/U}}in munitions plants, under direct government sponsorship.
{{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}the number of nurseries in the U. S.
also rose {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}, this rise was
accomplished without government aid of any kind. During the years following the
First World War, {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}, Federal State and
local governments gradually began to exercise a measure of control {{U}}
{{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}the day nurseries, chiefly by {{U}}
{{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}them. The {{U}} {{U}}
11 {{/U}} {{/U}}of the Second World War was quickly followed by an
increase in the number of day nurseries in almost all countries, as women were
{{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}called up on to replace men in the
factories. On this {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}the U.S.
government immediately came to the support of the nursery schools, {{U}}
{{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}＄6,000,000 in July, 1942, for a nursery school
program for the children of working mothers. Many States and local communities
{{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}this Federal aid. By the end of the
war, in August, 1945, more than 100,000 children were being cared {{U}}
{{U}} 16 {{/U}} {{/U}}in daycare centers receiving Federal {{U}}
{{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Soon afterward, the Federal government
{{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}cut down its expenditures for this
purpose and later {{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}them, causing a
sharp drop in the number of nursery schools in operation. However, the
expectation that most employed mothers would leave their {{U}} {{U}}
20 {{/U}} {{/U}}at the end of the war was only partly fulfilled.
【答案解析】[考点] 词义辨析题
[解析] A项outset意为“开端，开始”，B项outbreak意为“爆发”，C项breakthrough意为“突破”，D项breakdown意为“崩溃，故障”。根据文意，此处应是“The outbreak of the Second World War”，意指“第二次世界大战爆发”，因此B项为正确答案。