问答题 The English sentence is given below. You are required to(1)give the Deep Structure of the sentence,(2)give all the rules relevant to Interrogative Transformation, and(3)transform the Deep Structure of the sentence into its Surface Structure by applying the rules you have given. Tree diagrams for DS and SS are necessary. What did John eat?

【正确答案】正确答案：(1)The deep structure:(3 points)John ate what. (2)The rules relevant to Interrogative Transformation;(4 points)Do-inversion Insert interrogative do into an empty Infl position. Wh-movement Move the wh phrase to the beginning of the sentence. (3)The deep structure; John ate what.(3 points)

【答案解析】解析：深层结构是指一个结构体的句法属性的抽象表述，即不同成分之间的结构关系的潜在层面。表层结构是结构体句法派生过程的最后阶段，与人们实际发送、接受的结构组织是相符合的。特殊疑问句的转换规则有助动词插入规则和特殊疑问词移位规则。