【正确答案】正确答案：This conversation consists of the linguistic phenomenon which is called the "Cooperative Principle" , proposed and formulated by P. Grice, based on such a pragmatic hypothesis that the participants must first of all be willing to cooperate; otherwise, it would not be possible to carry on the talk. It goes as follows; Make your conversational contribution such as required at the stage at which it occurs by the accepted purpose or direction of the talk exchange in which you are engaged. To be more specific , there are four maxims under this general principle: The maxim of quantity: (a)Make your contribution as informative as is required(for the current purposes of the exchange). (b)Do not make your contribution more informative than is required. The maxim of quality: (a)Do not say what you believe to be false. (b)Do not say that for which you lack adequate evidence. The maxim of relation; Be relevant. The maxim of manner: (a)Avoid obscurity of expression. (b)Avoid ambiguity. (c)Be brief(avoid unnecessary prolixity). (d)Be orderly. There are circumstances where speakers may not follow the maxims of the cooperative principle. For example, in this conversation, the speaker may violate the maxim expectations by using an expression like "三张天安门" in response to a question. Although it is typically "more informative than is required" in the context, it is naturally interpreted as communicating more than is said(i. e. the speaker knows the answer). This typical reaction(i. e. there must be something "special" here)of listeners to any apparent violation of the maxims is actually the key to the notion of conversational implicature. When we violate any of these maxims, our language becomes indirect. In this way, we can convey more than is literally said.