问答题 A new era is upon us. Call it what you will: the service economy, the information age, the knowledge society. It all translates to a fundamental change in the way we work. Already we're partly there. (1){{U}}The percentage of people who earn their living by making things has fallen dramatically in the Western World.{{/U}} Today the majority of jobs in America, Europe and Japan(two thirds or more in many of these countries)are in the service industry, and the number is on the rise. (2){{U}}There are more part-time jobs. More people are self-employed. But the breadth of the economic transformation can't be measured by numbers alone, because it also is giving rise to a radical new way of thinking about the nature of work itself.{{/U}} (3){{U}}Long-held notions about jobs and careers, the skills needed to succeed, even the relation between individuals and employers—all these are being challenged.{{/U}} (4){{U}}We have only to look behind us to get some sense of what may lie ahead.{{/U}} (5){{U}}No one looking ahead 20 years possibly could have foreseen the ways in which a single invention, the chip, would transform our world thanks to its applications in personal computers, digital communications and factory robots.{{/U}}
【正确答案】
【答案解析】(1)西方社会依靠制造产品谋生的人数比例急剧下降了。 (2)兼职工作增加了,个体经营者增加了。但是,经济变革幅度的衡量不能只凭数字,因为经济变革同时也引发了对工作性质的全新思考。 (3)有关工作和职业生涯、获得成功所必需的技能、乃至个人与雇主的关系,凡此种种传统的理念都正在受到挑战。 (4)只要回顾一下往日的经历,我们就可以对未采有所感悟。 (5)没有哪一位展望20年之后情形的人能够预料到单是硅片这样一项发明,因其在个人电脑、数字通讯和工业机器人中的应用,会给我们翻天覆地的改变了。 [题目精解] 在做这种类型的翻译题目时,应先把全段短文的内容大致看一下,以便能从整体上把握翻译方向。 (1)本句翻译时,要注意定语从句“who earn…”的翻译,由于英汉两种语言结构类似,应采用对等翻译法直接翻译,故此句应译为“西方社会依靠制造产品谋生的人数比例急剧下降了”。 (2)本句翻译时,要注意原因状语从句“bemuse it also is…”的翻译,由于英汉两种语言结构类似,应采用对等翻译法直接翻译,故此句应译为“兼职工作增加了,个体经营者增加了。但是,经济变革幅度的衡量不能只凭数字,因为经济变革同时也引发了对丁:作性质的全新思维”。 (3)本句翻译时,由于英汉两种语言结构类似,应采用对等翻译法直接翻译,故此句应译为“有关工作和职业生涯、获得成功所必需的技能、乃至个人与雇主的关系,凡此种种传统的理念都正在受到挑战”。 (4)本句翻译时,要注意本句中“have only to look behind us…”的翻译,应译为“只要回顾一下……”,由于英汉两种语言结构类似,应采用对等翻译法直接翻译,故此句应泽为“只要回顾一下往日的经历,我们就可以对未来有所感悟”。 (5)本句翻译时,要注意定语从句“in which a single invention,the chip,would transform…”的翻译,应译为“单是硅片这样一项发明,会改变……”,由于英汉两种语言结构类似,应采用对等翻译法直接翻译,故此句应译为“没有哪一位展望20年之后情形的人能够预料到单是硅片这样一项发明,因其在个人电脑、数字通讯和工业机器人中的应用,会给我们翻天覆地的改变了”。