单选题 Leadership is the most significant word in today's competitive business environment because it directs the manager of a business to focus inward on their personal capabilities and style. Experts on leadership will quickly point out that 'how things get done' influences the success of the outcomes and indicates a right way and a wrong way to do things. When a noted leader on the art of management, Peter Drucker,     28    the phrase 'Management is doing things right; leadership is doing the right things, ' he was seeking to clarify the 2    29    he associates with the terms.
    When Stephen Covey, founder and director of the Leadership Institute, explored leadership styles in the past decade, he focused on the habits of a great     30    of highly effective individuals. His Seven Habits of Highly Effective People became a popular bestseller very quickly. His ideas forced a     31    of the early leadership paradigm (范例), which he observed centered on traits found in the character ethic and the personality ethic. The former ethic suggested success was founded on     32    , modesty, loyalty, courage, patience, and so forth. The personality ethic suggested it was one's attitude, not behavior, that     33    success, and this ethic was founded on a belief of positive mental attitude. In contrast to each of these ideas, Covey     34    that leaders need to understand universal principles of effectiveness, and he highlights how     35    it is for leaders to first personally manage themselves if they are to enjoy any hope of outstanding success in their work environments. To achieve a     36    vision for your business, it is important that you have a personal vision of where you are headed and what you value. Business leadership means that managers need to 'put first things first, ' which implies that before leading others, you need to be clear on your own values, abilities, and strengths and be seen as 1    37    .
    A. inspired
    B. reexamination
    C. coined
    D. contents
    E. trustworthy
    F. adequately
    G. number
    H. desired
    I. personality
    J. integrity
    K. vital
    L. deceives
    M. advocates
    N. ridiculous
    O. distinctions
问答题    
 
【正确答案】C
【答案解析】由句子结构判断空格处需填入动词。另外根据句中时态，应在coined和inspired之间选择，将这两个单词分别代入句中，只有coined符合题意，表示“创造”，此句意为：“管理艺术领域众所周知的领袖人物之一彼得·德鲁克创造了……这一说法”。
问答题    
 
【正确答案】O
【答案解析】分析句子结构，空格处应填入名词。根据句意，“他是想竭力阐明管理和领导力这两者之间的 ______ ”，distinction意为“区别”，符合句意。
问答题    
 
【正确答案】G
【答案解析】分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入一个名词，构成a great ______ of短语，修饰后面的复数名词individuals。纵观各选项，只有number符合句意。a great number of表示“许多……”，后接复数名词。
问答题    
 
【正确答案】B
【答案解析】a ______ of结构暗示空格处应填入名词。根据句意“他的观点迫使人们对早期的领导力范例进行 ______ ”，将选项中的名词逐一代入句中，reexamination意为“重新审视”，符合句意。
问答题    
 
【正确答案】J
【答案解析】根据句子结构以及空格后面的并列名词，此处应该填入名词。空格后面的几个单词(谦虚、忠诚、勇敢、耐心)均表示好的品格，故空格处所填单词也应表示优秀品格。各名词选项中只有integrity(正直)符合题意。
问答题    
 
【正确答案】A
【答案解析】根据句子结构，空格处作that引导的从句的谓语，故应该填入动词，且为过去时态。根据句意“个人魅力表明 ______ 人们取得成功的是一个人的态度而非行为”，inspired符合句意，意为“激励”。
问答题    
 
【正确答案】M
【答案解析】分析句子结构，空格处应填入动词，且为第三人称单数形式。选项中符合的词有deceives和advocates，分别代入文中，只有advocates符合句意，此处意为“科维主张领导者需要理解高效的普遍原则”。
问答题    
 
【正确答案】K
【答案解析】由空格前的how和空格后的is可知，此处需要填入一个形容词。形容词选项中只有vital符合句意，即“领导者首先需要自我管理，这一点非常重要。”
问答题    
 
【正确答案】H
【答案解析】空格前是不定冠词a，空格后是名词，此处应该填入形容词或可用作形容词的分词。选项中符合的还有trustworthy、desired和ridiculous。由空格后的vision(愿景)可知。desired最贴合文意，意为“渴望的愿景”。
问答题    
 
【正确答案】E
【答案解析】分析句子结构，空格处应填入一个形容词。此处句意为“你需要首先弄清楚你自己的价值观、能力和优势，而且 ______ ”，剩下的形容词选项中只有trustworthy(值得信赖的)符合题意。