A land free from destruction, plus wealth, natural resources, and labor supply—all these were important factors, in helping England to become the center for the Industrial Revolution.【31】they were not enough. Something else was needed to start the industrial process. That "something special" was men―【32】individuals who could invent machines, find new sources of power, and establish business organizations to reshape society. The men who【33】the machines of the Industrial Revolution came from many backgrounds and many occupations. Many of them were【34】inventors than scientists. A man who is a pure scientist is primarily interested in doing his research【35】. He is not necessarily working so that his findings can be used. An inventor or one interested in applied science is【36】trying to make something that has a concrete idea. He may try to solve a problem by using the theories【37】science or by experimenting through trial and error. Regardless of his method, he is working to obtain a specific result: the construction of a harvesting machine, the burning of a light bulb, or one of【38】other objectives. Most of the people who developed the machines of the Industrial Revolution were inventors, not trained scientists. A few were both scientists and inventors. Even those who had【39】or no training in science might not have made their inventions if a groundwork had not been laid by scientists years【40】.
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】解析:上文提到使英格兰成为工业革命中心的一些因素,空格后说这些因素还不够,显然这里语义有转折,故选A。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】解析:下文“who could invent machines”提示这儿指的是“具有创造力”的人,故选择“creative”。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】解析:空格前面的“The men”指的是上文提到的“creative individuals,”因此这儿仍然指“发明机器”。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】解析:“more…than…”表示“与其说是……还不如说是……”,符合此处语义:与其说他们是科学家,还不如说他们是发明家。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】解析:本题所在句子提到的是“纯粹的科学家做研究”,“精确”与此是最相关的,故选“accurately”。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】解析:本句理解成“对实用科学感兴趣的人通常喜欢做具体的东西”比较合理,其他词语义不合。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】解析:空格前后的“theories”和“science”是被修饰与修饰的关系,表示“科学理论”,故应选择“of”。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】解析:根据前面举出的一些例子判断,这儿表示许多同类事物中的一个。故用“many”。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】解析:根据下面的“or no training”可以判断,这儿应该也是表示否定意义的词。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】解析:本句意思是:若不是科学家们多年前就打下了基础,那些很少或没有受过科学训练的人也许不会进行他们的发明创造。这儿需要的意思是“在……之前”,涉及的时间概念是“过去的过去”,因此只能选用“ago”。