复合题

Directions: For passages 1 to 4, each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

Passage 3

If you know exactly what you want, the best route to a job is to get specialized training. A recent survey shows that companies like graduates in such fields as business and health care who can go to work immediately with very little on-the-job training.

That is especially true of booming fields that are challenging for workers. At Cornell’s School of Hotel Administration for example, bachelor’s degree graduates get an average of four or five job offers and plenty of chances for rapid advancement. Large companies, especially, like a background of formal education coupled with work experience.

But in the long run, too much specialization does not pay off. Business, which has been flooded with MBAs, no longer considers the degree an automatic stamp of approval. The MBA may open doors and command a higher salary initially, impact of a degree washes out after five years.

As further evidence of the erosion of corporate faith in specialized degrees, Michigan State Scheetz cites a pattern in corporate hiring practices. Although companies tend to take on specialists as new hires, they often seek out generalists for middle and upper-level management. "They want someone who isn’t constrained by nuts and bolts to look at the big picture," says Scheetz.

This sounds suspiciously like a formal statement that you approve of the liberal-arts graduate. Time and again labor-market analysts mention a need for talents that liberal-arts majors are assumed to have: writing and communication skills, organizational skills, open-mindedness and adaptability, and the ability to analyze and solve problems. David Birch claims he does not hire anybody with an MBA or an engineering degree. “I hire only liberal- arts people because they have a less-than-canned way of doing things,” says Birch. Liberal-arts means an academically thorough and strict program that includes literature, history, mathematics, economics, science, human behavior - plus a computer course or two. With that under your belt, you can feel free to specialize. “A liberal-arts degree coupled with an MBA or some other technical training is a very good combination in the marketplace,” says Scheetz. 

单选题 What kinds of people are in high demand on the job market?
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】文章第一、 二两段讨论了当前人才市场上的状况， 第二段最后一句话总结了前两段的内容“Large companies, especially like a background of formal education coupled with work experience.”可知选C。 A和B都只强调了学历， 而没有提到工作经验。 D将专业局限在了工程学， 显然与原文不符。
单选题 By saying “...but the impact of a degree washes out after five years” (Para.3) the author means _____.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】这句话的意思是： MBA毕业生所得学位的影响5年后就“消失”了。 这与D意思相同。
单选题 According to Scheetz’s statement (Para. 4), companies prefer _____.
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】第四段最后一句话“They want someone who isn’t constrained by nuts and bolts to look at the big picture.”结合“look at the big picture”字面意思， 可以推测出通才此处是指能从大局着眼， 不拘小节的人， 即A中有“strategic mind”“战略性的， 对全局有重大意义的人”。 B和D说的都是专业人才， 不是通才。 C“有雄心的”和“有进取心的”侧重于做事态度， 而不是具有考虑事情的战略头脑。
单选题 David Birch claims that he only hires liberal-arts people because _____.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】David Birch明确给出了选择liberal-arts people的原因是“they have a less-than-canned way of doing things.” “canned”原意为“装进罐头的”， 引申为“死板的”， 所以“less than canned”可以理解为“灵活的， 不死板的”。 可知原文与C意思相同。
单选题 Which of the following statements does the author support?
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】第三段中“But in the long run, too much specialization doesn’t pay off.”第四段中“...they often seek out generalists for middle and upper-level management.”第五段中“Time and again labor-market analysts mention a need for talents that liberal-arts majors are assumed to have: writing and communication skills, organizational skills,open-mindedness and adaptability, and the ability to analyze and solve problems.”可知作者认为在管理方面全才会胜过专才， 故选D。