单选题
When it comes to jealousy, men and women aren't
always on the same page. Previous studies have shown that, while men are more
likely to see red over a partner's sexual infidelity, women are more upset by
emotional cheating. Evolutionary psychologists theorize that the difference is
rooted in the sexes' historical roles-men wanted to guarantee that their
partners were carrying their children, while women needed to feel secure that
they and their children would be cared for by a committed partner. Yet, that
evolutionary explanation doesn't account for a large group of men who say that
emotional disloyalty is more upsetting than sexual infidelity, and women who are
more upset by sexual betrayal. To gain a more thorough
understanding of gender and jealousy, researchers from Pennsylvania State
University (PSU) approached the issue with some modern psychology. In a study
published in the journal Psychological Science, researchers found that, while
generally speaking, the evolutionary explanation of gender and jealousy held up,
when viewed through the lens of attachment theory-broadly, the psychological
theory about our tendency to foster intimate relationships with other
people-both men and women with secure emotional histories were more likely to
experience jealousy over emotional infidelity, and those who were insecure or
dismissing, were more likely to be {{U}}vexed{{/U}} by sexual cheating.
To tackle the issue, researchers recruited 416 college students from New
York City, whose attachment styles were assessed through questionnaires
containing a series of vignettes (short descriptions or pictures)-each
reflecting either secure, fearful, preoccupied, or dismissing attachment styles.
Participants were instructed to select the story that most accurately reflected
their own attitude about romantic relationships, and were categorized
accordingly. In a subsequent questionnaire, participants were asked whether they
would be more upset by their partner "having passionate sexual intercourse with
another person," or "forming a deep emotional attachment to another
person." They found that, regardless of gender, 77.3% of
securely attached participants viewed emotional infidelity as more upsetting,
while 64.8% of insecure or dismissing participants thought sexual cheating was
worse. These findings, the authors say, shed light on the intricate
psychological nature of jealousy, and may help to develop techniques to
determine the underlying dynamics of sexual jealousy-a welldocumented cause of
spousal abuse, beating and even murder. The authors suggest that, gaining a
better understanding of not only the broad differences in jealousy between the
sexes, but of the differences in jealousy within genders, may help to identify
methods for interrupting abuse by fostering stable, secure attachments.
单选题
The theory put forward by evolutionary psychologists
A. maintains that men and women are different when it comes to
jealousy.
B. asserts that the gender difference in jealousy shaped the sexes'
historical roles.
C. fails to obtain a thorough understanding of gender and jealousy.
D. is by and large influenced by Darwin's evolutionary theory.
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】
单选题
The study conducted by researchers from PSU has shown that
A. the evolutionary theory of gender and jealousy is valid and true.
B. more participants (77.3% to 64.8%) viewed emotional infidelity as more
upsetting.
C. the evolutionary explanation is untrue when viewed from the angle of
attachment theory
D. aside from gender, attachment styles contribute to the difference in
terms of jealousy.
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】
单选题
The word "vexed" (Line 7, Para. 2) most probably means
A. bewildered.
B. haunted.
C. irritated.
D. troubled.
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】
单选题
What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. Jealousy has nothing to do with gender, but with attachment styles.
B. The findings help to explain the nature of jealousy, especially sexual
jealousy.
C. Records have shown that sexual jealousy is a cause of marital
violence.
D. A better knowledge of jealousy can avoid spousal abuse and domestic
violence.
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】
单选题
Which of the following would be the best title for this text?