【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】[听力原文] Hello, today, I'm going to talk about poverty. Poverty has become a critical issue in today's world. It concerns not only us sociologists, but also economist, politicians and business people. Poverty has been understood in many different ways. One useful way is to distinguish between three degrees of poverty: extreme poverty, moderate poverty and relative poverty. The first type of poverty is extreme poverty. It's also called absolute poverty. In extreme poverty, households cannot meet basic needs for survival. People are chronically hungry. They are unable to access safe drinking water, let alone health care. They cannot afford education for their children. Ensured, people who live in extreme poverty do not have even the minimum recourses to support themselves and their families. Where does extreme poverty occur? Well, you can find it only in developing countries. Well, what about moderate poverty? Unlike extreme poverty, moderate poverty generally refers to conditions of life in which basic needs on that was barely. People living in moderate poverty have the recourses to keep themselves alive, but only at a very basic level. For example, they may have access to drinking water, but not clean, safe drinking water. They may have a home to shelter themselves, but it does not have powers supply, a telephone or plumbing. The third kind of poverty is relative poverty. Relative poverty is generally considered to be a household income level which is below a given proportion of average family income. The relatively poor live in high income countries but they do not have a high income themselves. The method of calculating a poverty line is different from country to country, but we can say that basically a family living in relative poverty has less than a percentage of the average family income. For example, in the United States, a family can be considered poor if their income is less than 50% of the national average family income. They can meet their basic needs, but they lack access to cultural guts, entertainment and recreation. They also do not have access to quality healthcare or other prerequisites for upward social mobility. Well, I have briefly explained to you how poverty can be distinguished as extreme poverty, moderate poverty and relative poverty. We should keep these distinctions in mind when we research people's living conditions, either in the developing or the developed world. What does the speaker do? 事实细节题。开头提到，演讲者要谈贫穷，“它不仅涉及我们社会学家，也涉及经济学家、政治家和商界人士。”由此可知，演讲者是社会学家，听音中的关键信息为“not only us sociologists, but...”，故选C。

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】[听力原文] Where does the speaker say they can find extreme poverty? 事实细节题。在讲到极端贫困时，演讲者介绍了极端贫困的特点之后提到极端贫困只能在发展中国家找到它。听音中的关键信息为Where引导的疑问句，故选D。

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[听力原文] What do we know about American people living in relative poverty? 事实细节题。在讲到第三类相对贫困时，演讲者以一个美国的家庭为例，如果家庭收入少于全国平均家庭收入的50%，家庭就被称为贫穷。听音中的关键信息为“if their income is less than 50% of the national average family income”，故选B。