阅读理解 TEXT A What is the nature of the scientific attitude, the attitude of the man or woman who studies and applies physics, biology, chemistry, geology, engineering, medicine or any other science? We all know that science plays an important role in the societies in which we live. Many people believe, however, that our progress depends on two different aspects of science. The first of these is the application of the machines, products and systems of applied knowledge that scientists and technologists develop. Through technology, science improves the structure of society and helps man to gain increasing control over his environment. The second aspect is the application by all members of society of the special methods of thought and action that scientists use in their work. What are these special methods of thinking and acting? First of all, it seems that a successful scientist is full of curiosity - he wants to find out how and why the universe works. He usually directs his attention towards problems which he notices have no satisfactory explanation, and his curiosity makes him look for underlying relationships even if the data available seem to be unconnected. Moreover, he thinks he can improve the existing conditions and enjoys trying to solve the problems which this involves. He is a good observer, accurate, patient and objective and applies logical thought to the observations he makes. He utilizes the facts he observes to the fullest extent. For example, trained observers obtain a very large amounn about a star mainly from the accurate analysis of the simple lines that appear in a spectrum. He is skeptical - he does not accept statements which are not based on the most complete evidence available - and therefore rejects authority as the sole basis for truth. Scientists always check statements and make experiments carefully and objectively to verify them. Furthermore, he is not only critical of the work of others, but also of his own, since he knows that man is the least reliable of scientific instruments and that a number of factors tend to disturb objective investigation. Lastly, he is highly imaginative since he often has to look for relationships in data which are not only complex but also frequently incomplete. Furthermore, he needs imagination if he wants to make hypotheses of how processes work and how events take place. These seem to be some of the ways in which a successful scientist or technologist thinks and acts.

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[解析] 根据题干中的curiosity可定位到第4段。 [解析] 考查对curiosity的理解。A项说好奇心赋予了科学家工作信心和乐趣，这足对第4段最后一句的误读。原文中improve the existing conditions和trying to solve the problems,相当于D项中look for new ways of acting,都是好奇心引发的，但工作信心和乐趣并不是由好奇心引发的结果，而足如同好奇心一样是他本身拥有的素质。 [点睛] 细节判断题。此题可用排除法来做。从第4段最后两句中可分别找到对应于B、C、D的说法，因此都可排除，A是正确答案。