填空题
On the features which distinguish knowledge from accuracy of response in general, not much can be said from a behaviourist point of view without referring to purpose. But the necessity of SOMETHING besides accuracy of response may be brought out by the 1 consideration: Suppose two persons, of whom one believed 2 the other disbelieved, and disbelieved whatever the other 3 . So far as accuracy and sensitiveness of response alone are concerned, 4 would be nothing to choose between these two persons. A thermometer 5 went down for warm weather and up for cold might be just as 6 as the usual kind; and a person who always believes falsely is just as 7 an instrument as a person who always believes truly. The 8 and practical difference between them would be that the one 9 always believed falsely would quickly come to a bad end. This 10 once more that accuracy of response to stimulus does not alone 11 knowledge, but must be reinforced by appropriateness, i. e. suitability for 12 one"s purpose. This applies even in the apparently simple 13 of answering questions: if the purpose of the answers is to deceive, their 14 , not their truth, will be evidence of knowledge. The proportion of the 15 of appropriateness with accuracy in the definition of knowledge is difficult; it seems that both enter in, but that appropriateness is only required as regards the general type of response, not as regards each individual instance.