【答案解析】大多数广告是针对目标观众的，例如，14～18岁的少女或者20-28岁的年轻男子。这些目标观众通常被彻底地研究过。特殊的研究调查会设计一些问卷以及针对目标观众群中的一些人进行访谈，获得他们对于产品样品的反馈。同样地，研究者们努力想了解消费者隐秘的喜好和厌恶。同时他们还需随时获取最新的信息，或者什么样的产品包装和促销技巧能够激起顾客们最热烈的反应。 [解析]
Most advertisements are made for a target audience, for instance, teenage girls 14 to 18 or young men from 20 to 28. The target audiences are usually thoroughly researched. Special researches design questionnaires and conduct interviews with members of the target audiences, getting their responses to samples of the product. As well, researchers try to understand secret fears and wishes of consumers. Part of their work is to gain up-to-date information or what types of packaging and promotion techniques will produce the maximum response.

【答案解析】世界杯对全世界的球迷来说是每四年一次的盛会。过去的大多数世界杯比赛中，主队也即来自东道国的球队，表现常常高于人们的期望值。在1966年、1974年和1978年，英格兰队、德国队、阿根廷队作为主队都分别在当年的世界杯上捧走了第一名的奖杯。尽管如此，自从世界杯诞生开赛以来，所有拔得头筹的球队都来自欧洲和南美洲。来自亚洲和非洲的球队虽然表现也很好，但是他们从来没有赢得过“世界杯”。 [解析]
The World Cup is a grand event every four years of football fans around the world. In most World Cups the home team, or the team from the host country, usually plays better than most people expect. In 1966,1974 and 1978, the home teams of England, West Germany and Argentina all won the World Cup. However, since the Cup began, all of the winning teams have been from Europe or South America. Teams from Asia or Africa Mways do well, but they haven"t yet won.