单选题
下面的短文有15处空白,请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。
Walk a Quarter-Mile or Die

If you can walk a quarter-mile, odds (可能性) are you have at least six years of life left in you, scientists say. And the faster you can {{U}}(51) {{/U}} it, the longer you might live.
While walking is no guarantee of {{U}}(52) {{/U}} or longevity (长寿), a new study found that the ability of elderly people to do the quarter-mile was an "important determinant (决定因素) " in whether or not they'd be {{U}}(53) {{/U}} six years later and how much illness and disability they would endure.
"The {{U}}(54) {{/U}} to complete this walk was a powerful predictor of health outcomes. " said study leader Anne Newman of the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine. " In fact, we {{U}}(55) {{/U}} that the people who could not complete the walk were {{U}}(56) {{/U}} an extremely high risk of later disability and death. "
Newman and colleagues recruited nearly 2,700 white and African-American men and women aged 70 to 79 to {{U}}(57) {{/U}} the walk. All the participants were screened and determined to be in relatively {{U}}(58) {{/U}} health, and they had all said they had previously walked that far with no {{U}}(59) {{/U}}. Only 86 percent of them finished, {{U}}(60) {{/U}}.
The scientists then monitored the health and mortality of all {{U}}(61) {{/U}} for the next six years. "There was a big gap in health outcomes {{U}}(62) {{/U}} people who could complete the longer walk and people who could not, with the latter being at an extremely high {{U}}(63) {{/U}} of becoming disabled or dying. " Newman said. "What was really surprising is that these people were not {{U}}(64) {{/U}} of how weak they actually were. "
Finishing times were found to be crucial, too. Those who completed the walk but were among the slowest 25 percent {{U}}(65) {{/U}} three times greater risk of death than the speedier folks.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 本题选“do”,就是“做”的意思,在这里指“行走”。本句意思是“而且你走得越快,你活的时间就会越长。”。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 综合上下文考虑,本文的主旨就是行走和健康与寿命的关系,因此选A。本句意思是“虽然行走不是健康和长寿的唯一保障…”。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] old老的;effective有效的;alike相似的;alive活着的。本句意思是“…极为重要地决定了老人在今后6年能否存活,以及能耐受多少疾病和机体功能障碍的程度”。因此D项“alive”为正确答案。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] task任务;standard标准;ability能力;subject主题。根据下文,老年人是否具备完成这项行走任务的能力是对他未来健康预测的关键,因此在这里选C。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 根据下文,所有的数据和结果都是经过研究后得出的结论,因此“found”更符合题意。本句意思是“实际上我们发现不能完成这一行走任务的人以后会有较大的瘫痪或死亡的可能”。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] at a/the risk of是固定搭配,如:He rescued a child at the risk of his own life.他冒着生命危险把那个孩子救出来了。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] compete竞争;lose丢掉;complete完成;win赢。本句意思是“Newman和同事召集了近2700个年龄从70到79岁的白种和非裔美国男女来完成这一跑步性质的比赛”。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 根据下文“这些老年人说曾经没有任何问题能走完这个距离”推断这些老人的健康应该是“相对来说不错的”,因此选“good”。而mental头脑的;physical身体的;psychological心理的,都与原文意思不符合。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 四个选项中只有problem可以和no搭配,表示“没有任何问题”。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 根据上下文关系,此句和上文应该是转折的,所以应选“however”。Hence因此;moreover再说;so因此,都不符合题意。本句意思是“然而,只有86%的人完成了比赛”。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] participants参与者,最符合题意。activists积极分子;colleagues同事;athletes运动员。本句意思是“然后在接下来的六年里科学家跟踪研究了所有参赛者的健康和寿命情况”。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] 比较两者之间的差异用“between”。本句意思是“能完成行走的人和不能完成的人的健康结果有很大差异”。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 本题与56题类似,考查的是固定搭配at a/the risk of的用法。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] 选项中只有sure和aware语法上可以搭配。但be sure of用在这里意思不合适,这句话是说“很多人并没有意识到自己的寿命这么有限”。因此选D。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] increased增加;faced面对;carried携带;avoided避免。本句意思是“能完成行走但属于最慢的那些人中的25%所面临的死亡几率比速度快的高三倍”。故本题选B。